Table 5.

Matching variables balance test.

Handling variables	Variable	Mean			% bias	% reduce bias	t-test
		Sample	Treated	Control			t	p > t
Intergenerational care	Gender	U	0.527	0.501	5.2		2.24	0.025
		M	0.527	0.529	−0.5	90.6	−0.20	0.842
	Std-Age	U	−0.370	0.290	−71.1		−30.19	0.000
		M	−0.370	−0.363	−0.7	99.0	−0.35	0.723
	Education level	U	1.155	0.991	20.2		8.76	0.000
		M	1.155	1.130	3.1	84.9	1.26	0.208
	Marital status	U	0.877	0.785	24.9		10.63	0.000
		M	0.877	0.874	0.9	96.4	0.41	0.680
	Living arrangements	U	0.405	0.278	27.1		11.76	0.000
		M	0.405	0.400	1.1	95.9	0.43	0.666
	Financial support from son to father	U	0.628	0.639	−2.2		−0.96	0.337
		M	0.628	0.632	−0.9	59.0	−0.37	0.711
	Financial support from father to son	U	0.323	0.295	5.9		2.56	0.010
		M	0.323	0.321	0.5	92.3	0.18	0.854
	Satisfaction with relationship with children	U	0.957	0.954	1.3		0.57	0.570
		M	0.957	0.957	−0.2	87.1	−0.07	0.944
	Health satisfaction	U	0.746	0.726	4.6		2.00	0.046
		M	0.746	0.743	0.6	86.0	0.27	0.789

Data source: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study Wave 4 (2018). This table applies nuclear matching and t-test.