Table 3.
Bivariate and Multivariate Analysis of Potential Predictors of Campylobacter Species Among Under-Five Children with Diarrhea
| Variable | Category | Total | Campylobacter Species | COR (95%) | AOR (95%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive (N (%)) | Negative (N (%)) | |||||
| Nutritional Status of the child | Mal-nourished | 14 | 2 (14.3) | 12 (85.7) | 2.61 (0.52–13.0) | 2.07 (0.29–14.5) |
| Well-nourished | 200 | 12 (6.0) | 188 (94.0) | 1 | ||
| Bottle feeding | Yes | 97 | 11 (11.3) | 86 (88.70) | 4.86 (1.31–17.95) | 5.13 (1.21–21.6)** |
| No | 117 | 3 (2.60) | 114 (97.40) | 1 | ||
| Water source | Well | 33 | 2 (6.1) | 31 (93.9) | 1.10 (0.23–5.24) | |
| Spring | 16 | 1 (6.2) | 15 (93.8) | 1.07 (0.12–8.87) | ||
| Pipe | 165 | 11 (6.7) | 154 (93.3) | 1 | ||
| Animal contact status | Yes | 77 | 10 (13.0) | 67 (87.0) | 4.96 (1.50–16.41) | 4.93 (1.33–18.17)** |
| No | 137 | 4 (2.9) | 133 (97.1) | 1 | ||
| Poultry farm | Yes | 37 | 6 (16.2) | 31 (83.8) | 4.08 (1.32–12.60) | 2.02 (0.55–7.47)* |
| No | 177 | 8 (4.5) | 169 (95.5) | 1 | ||
| Child Contact with a diarrheal person | Yes | 24 | 3 (12.5) | 21 (87.5) | 2.32 (0.60–9.00) | 0.52 (0.08–3.16) |
| No | 190 | 11 (5.8) | 179 (94.2) | 1 | ||
| Defecation practice | Open defecation | 13 | 1 (7.7) | 12 (92.3) | 1.20 (0.14–10.0) | |
| Toilet | 201 | 13 (6.5) | 188 (93.5) | 1 | ||
| Clean the child after defecation | Not at all | 22 | 1 (4.5) | 21 (95.5) | 1.55 (0.19–12.57) | |
| Yes sometimes | 18 | 1 (5.6) | 17 (94.4) | 1.25 (0.15–10.28) | ||
| Yes, always | 174 | 12 (6.9) | 162 (93.1) | 1 | ||
| The habit of hand wash | Not at all | 62 | 4 (6.5) | 58 (93.5) | 1.10 (0.30–3.93) | |
| Yes, sometimes | 53 | 3 (5.7) | 50 (94.3) | 1.26 (0.314–5.12) | ||
| Yes, always | 99 | 7 (7.1) | 92 (92.9) | 1 | ||
| Cleaning agents for utensils | Use water only | 60 | 4 (6.7) | 56 (93.3) | 1.21 (0.208–7.11) | |
| Watery soap | 129 | 8 (6.2) | 121 (93.8) | 1.31 (0.26–6.59) | ||
| Hypochlorite | 25 | 4 (6.7) | 21 (84) | 1 | ||
| Consuming raw milk | Yes | 8 | 1 (12.5) | 7 (87.5) | 2.12 (0.24–18.56) | |
| No | 206 | 13 (6.3) | 193 (93.7) | 1 | ||
Notes: **Significant at p.value<0.001, *Significant at p.value<0.05.
Abbreviations: N, Number; COR, Crude odds Ratio; AOR, Adjusted Odds Ratio.