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. 2024 Feb 10;9(1):e001516. doi: 10.1136/bmjophth-2023-001516

Table 1.

Stimulators and inhibitors involved in ocular neovascularisation

Stimulators Inhibitors
Vascular endothelial growth factor
Fibroblast growth factor
Tumour necrosis factor αlpha
Insulin-like growth factor 1
Hepatocyte growth factor
Angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2
Hypoxia
Transforming growth factor-β
Pigment epithelium-derived factor
Peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor-γ ligands
Angiopoietin-2