Figure 5 |. Turnover in the dominant neural ensembles driving RSC dynamics predicts fear extinction.

a. Choosing Acq-, Ext1-, and Ext3-dominant neurons (red, yellow, and blue, respectively). Left: The fraction of neurons included in the ensemble at various thresholds across animals (mean, SEM) and the neuron factor weights of each neuron in each component in a representative animal. Neurons crossing the chosen threshold of w=1 are indicated by enhanced opacity. Middle: Schematic of the overlaps between these neurons, yielding Acq-Only, Acq/Ext1, Ext1-Only, Ext1/Ext3, Ext3-Only, Acq/Ext3, and Acq/Ext1/Ext3. Ensembles are denoted by the corresponding ROYGBIV color code throughout the figure. Right: Example traces. b. Pie charts describing the average overlap of the Acq-, Ext1, and Ext3-dominant ensembles (top, middle, bottom) in rapidly and slowly extinguishing saline-administered mice. Numbers are mean ± SEM. Stars indicate comparisons between each psilocybin group and saline. Chi-square test. (Supp. Table 1, rows 67-69). c. Linear regression of the fraction of Acq/Ext1/Ext3 neurons and extinction rate in saline mice. (Supp. Table 1, row 70). d. Top: z-score activity in individual Ext3-only neurons in each ensemble from Acquisition. Wilcoxon rank-sum to test if change is different from zero. Bottom: Same data displayed as mean ± SEM. Two-way RM ANOVA to compare changes over time and between groups. (Supp. Table 1, rows 71-72). e,f. Same as D for Acq/Ext1 and Acq/Ext1/Ext3. (Supp Table 1, rows 73-76). * p ≤ 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.