Table 1.
Patient Baseline Characteristics
| Study | No. of patients | Age, y, mean (SD) | Female sex(%) | Atrial fibrillation (%) | Stroke or transient ischemic attack (%) | Hypertension (%) | Diabetes (%) | Hyperlipidemia (%) | Smoking (%) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AC | CTRL | AC | CTRL | AC | CTRL | AC | CTRL | AC | CTRL | AC | CTRL | AC | CTRL | AC | CTRL | AC | CTRL | |
| Seiffge et al 2017 22 , 23 | 78 | 8938 | 76 (68–81)* | 71 (60–79)* | 49.3 | 43.9 | 87.2 | 24.3 | 25.4 | 14 | 87.1 | 63.2 | 24.3 | 16.8 | 49.2 | 41.4 | … | … |
| Meinel et al 2023 32 | 832 | 32 375 | 78 (10) | 71 (13) | 42.6 | 43.5 | 73 | 12.3 | … | … | 67.9 | 61.9 | 20.7 | 19.5 | 38.7 | 37.3 | 11.4 | 17.9 |
| Kam et al 2022 33 | 2207 | 160 831 | 74 (13) | 70 (17) | 46.2 | 49.1 | 73.1 | 14.6 | 38.1 | 29.4 | 79.4 | 71.9 | 32.5 | 29.2 | 49.8 | 44.8 | 10.9 | 18 |
| Okada et al 2022 34 | 40 | 753 | 80 (10) | 76 (12) | 27.5 | 37 | 90 | 31.3 | 27.5 | 13.6 | 82.5 | 71.3 | 20 | 20.4 | 52.5 | 52.8 | 27.5 | 26.1 |
| Frol et al 2021 35 | 22 | 182 | 75 (10) | 75 (14) | 50 | 47.8 | … | … | 9 | 7.7 | 72.7 | 67 | 4.5 | 20.3 | … | … | … | … |
| Xian et al 2017 36 | 251 | 41 136 | 74 (12) | 71 (17) | 51.3 | 50 | 78 | 18 | 30.6 | 25.6 | 78.9 | 73.2 | 25.5 | 27.2 | 42.2 | 43.5 | 7.5 | 17.8 |
| Beharry et al 2020 37 | 13 | 78 (13) | 30.7 | 100 | 38.5 | 53.8 | 15.4 | … | … | |||||||||
| Fang et al 2019 38 | 10 | 71(8) | 10 | 100 | 70 | 100 | 10 | … | … | |||||||||
| Kikule et al 2022 39 | 9 | 76 (9) | 22.2 | 100 | … | … | … | … | … | |||||||||
| Kermer et al 2020 40 | 80 | 76 (11) | 36.2 | 88.7 | … | … | … | … | … | |||||||||
| Šaňák et al 2018 41 | 13 | 70 (9) | 46.1 | 84.6 | … | 92.3 | 30.7 | 46.1 | … | |||||||||
| Tse et al 2017 42 | 6 | 68 (11) | 66.6 | 100 | … | … | … | … | … | |||||||||
| Suzuki et al 2017 43 | 71 16† | 77 (10)‡ and 75 (7)§ | 43.6 | … | 100 | … | 50.7 | … | 71.8 | … | 18.3 | … | 35.2 | … | 31 | … | ||
| Shahjouei et al 2015 44 | 5728† | 70 (11) | … | 40 | … | 60 | … | 20 | … | 100 | … | 60 | … | 40 | … | … | ||
AC indicates anticoagulation group; CTRL, control group; and tPA, tissue plasminogen activator.
*
Interquartile range.
†
Data obtained from a previous meta‐analysis (Shahjouei et al, 2020) 21 for our outcomes of interest; baseline characteristics are not reported in original studies.
‡
Patients who received only tPA.
§
Patients who received tPA and underwent thrombectomy.