Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| Category | Variable | Value | Overall, n = 97 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic and medical characteristics | Female sex | 40 (41%) | |
| Mother's education | High school or less/other | 14 (14%) | |
| Some college/college graduate | 55 (57%) | ||
| Postgraduate degree | 28 (29%) | ||
| Congenital heart disease diagnosis | Single ventricle with arch obstruction | 4 (4%) | |
| Single ventricle without arch obstruction | 20 (21%) | ||
| Biventricular with arch obstruction | 7 (7%) | ||
| Biventricular without arch obstruction | 66 (68%) | ||
| MRI model | General electric MR750 | 5 (5%) | |
| Siemens Prisma | 65 (68%) | ||
| Siemens Prisma fit | 25 (26%) | ||
| Cortical thickness | 2.66 ± 0.15 | ||
| MRI infarct number | 0 | 86 (90%) | |
| 1–5 | 10 (10%) | ||
| Genetic characteristics | ApoE ε2/ε4 genotype | 29 (40%) | |
| Chromatin LoF variant | 9 (9%) | ||
| HBE LoF variant | 61 (63%) | ||
| NDD LoF variant | 8 (8%) | ||
| Total sulcal similarity measures | Left hemisphere | 0.7503 ± 0.0069 | |
| Left frontal | 0.7626 ± 0.0076 | ||
| Left temporal | 0.7481 ± 0.0124 | ||
| Left parietal | 0.7331 ± 0.0148 | ||
| Left occipital | 0.7432 ± 0.0145 | ||
| Right hemisphere | 0.7379 ± 0.0228 | ||
| Right frontal | 0.7530 ± 0.0198 | ||
| Right temporal | 0.7379 ± 0.0271 | ||
| Right parietal | 0.7190 ± 0.0224 | ||
| Right occipital | 0.7389 ± 0.0222 | ||
| Executive function testing | Age at testing (years) | 16.2 [9.8–22.4] | |
| Category switching accuracy | 10.6 ± 3.3 | ||
| Number–letter switching | 9.3 ± 3.6 | ||
| Tower total achievement | 9.8 ± 2.5 |
Values are mean ± SD, number (%), or median [interquartile range]. Data complete except for MRI model (n = 95), cortical thickness (n = 95), MRI infarct number (n = 96), ApoE ε2/ε4 genotype (n = 73), and total sulcal similarity measures (n = 92).
Abbreviations: ApoE, Apolipoprotein E; CHD, congenital heart disease; HBE, high brain expression; LoF, loss‐of‐function; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NDD, neurodevelopmental disability.