Table 5.

Multiple linear regression for the factors associated with eating habit index (n = 351).

	Eating habit index
	Unstandardized β†	Standardized β	Lower 95% CI of β	Upper 95% CI of β	p value
Occupation
Nonworker/housewife	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Healthcare worker	−1.9	−0.1	−4.1	0.3	0.092
Non-healthcare worker	−5.0	−0.01	−10.9	0.8	0.092
Retired	−5.1	−0.1	−9.1	−1.2	0.010 ∗
Family income
In debt	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Just meet routine expenses	0.1	0.1	−2.4	2.7	0.916
Meet routine expenses and emergencies	−4.1	−0.2	−7.4	−0.8	0.015 ∗
Able to save/invest money	3.5	0.1	−2.2	9.3	0.228
Physical activity
No	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	−3.2	−0.1	−6.0	−0.5	0.020 ∗
Alcohol consumption
No	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	6.5	0.3	3.9	9.1	<0.001 ∗
Family history of diabetes
No	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	−3.8	−0.1	−6.1	−1.5	0.001 ∗
Help in medication administration
No	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	−1.9	−0.1	−3.8	−0.1	0.049 ∗
Responsible for diabetes care
Physician	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Patient himself or family/friend	4.9	0.2	2.1	7.9	0.001 ∗
Checking nutritional composition of foods
No	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Yes	3.1	0.1	1.1	5.1	0.004 ∗
DK score	−0.6	−0.2	−1.1	−0.3	<0.001 ∗

^† β, regression coefficient. ^∗p value <0.05: there is a linear relationship between independent variable and DK index adjusting for the effects of other variables. The analysis included age, gender, nationality, residence (Beirut/outside Beirut), education level, occupation, family income, BMI, presence of other chronic diseases, presence of diabetes complications, family history of diabetes, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, HbA1c testing, responsible for diabetes care (patient himself or family member/physician), help in medication administration, checking nutritional composition of foods, social media, physician, and dietitian as sources of dietary information, and DK score. Being physically active refers to engaging in more than one hour of physical activity per week. R² = 41.7%: 41.7% of the EH index is predicted by independent variables. The bold values in the table indicate p values that are less than 0.05, signifying statistical significance.