FIG. 6.

TNF-α responses in in vitro-stimulated spleen cell cultures from mice with P. chabaudi infection only (■) or from mice with concurrent S. mansoni-P. chabaudi infection (). Cultures were stimulated with pRBC (A) or anti-CD3 (B). Bars represent mean levels for three to five mice ± SEM, and solid lines represent pooled data from S. mansoni-only-infected control animals assayed in parallel at each time point ± SEM (−−−). ∗, represents statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) between mice with P. chabaudi infection only and mice with concurrent S. mansoni-P. chabaudi infection. nd, not determined.