Table 3. Comparison of response to the dexmedetomidine between groups during patient-controlled sedation (PCS) without dental scaling using dexmedetomidine (stage 1).
| Stage 1 Cycle number | PCS parameter | Group 1 (Low dose group) | Group 2 (Middle dose group) | Group 3 (High dose group) | Total | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cycle 1 | n = 10 | n = 10 | n = 10 | n = 30 | ||
| Number of doses until LOR | 8.0 (2.2) | 6.5 (4.1) | 2.8 (1.1)*12 | 5.8 (3.5) | 0.001 | |
| Number of button press until LOR | 55.4 (16.2) | 44.4 (28.6) | 38.7 (18.9) | 46.2 (22.3) | 0.240 | |
| Infusion doses until LOR (㎍) | 27.2 (7.9) | 45.6 (27.3) | 38.6 (10.9) | 37.1 (18.6) | 0.080 | |
| Infusion doses per body weight until LOR (㎍/kg) | 0.40 (0.11) | 0.65 (0.41) | 0.56 (0.23) | 0.54 (0.29) | 0.149 | |
| Time taken to LOR (seconds) | 568.2 (160.8) | 481.0 (228.8) | 417.7 (232.6) | 489.0 (228.8) | 0.348 | |
| Total sleep time (from LOR to ROR)(seconds) | 446.4 (451.9) | 539.1 (743.5) | 454.7 (389.2) | 480.1 (532.7) | 0.917 | |
| Cylce 2 | n = 10 | n = 9 | n 9 | n = 28 | ||
| Number of doses until LOR | 2.3 (1.4) | 1.6 (0.7) | 1.2 (0.7) | 1.7 (1.1) | 0.079 | |
| Number of button press until LOR | 10.5 (9.2) | 5.4 (3.3) | 6.6 (5.6) | 7.6 (6.8) | 0.234 | |
| Infusion doses until LOR (㎍) | 7.7 (5.2) | 11.4 (5.8) | 17.1 (9.4)*1 | 11.9 (7.8) | 0.024 | |
| Infusion doses per body weight until LOR (㎍/kg) | 0.12 (0.07) | 0.16 (0.07) | 0.24 (0.13)*1 | 0.17 (0.11) | 0.024 | |
| Time taken to LOR (seconds) | 122.5 (118.1) | 71 (51.8) | 68.4 (84.9) | 88.6 (90.8) | 0.350 | |
| Total sleep time (from LOR to ROR)(seconds) | 215.9 (262.6) | 461.7 (525.2) | 612.3 (468.5) | 422.3 (445.1) | 0.145 | |
| Cycle 3 | n = 8 | n = 6 | n = 3 | n = 17 | ||
| Number of doses until LOR | 1 (0) | 2.5 (2.8) | 1.3 (0.6) | 1.6 (1.7) | 0.282 | |
| Number of button press until LOR | 2.9 (1.9) | 11.2 (15.8) | 10.7 (4.7) | 7.2 (10) | 0.259 | |
| Infusion doses until LOR (㎍) | 3.5 (0.8) | 16.0 (14.9) | 19.4 (6.8) | 10.7 (11.2) | 0.027 | |
| Infusion doses per body weight until LOR (㎍/kg) | 0.05 (0) | 0.25 (0.28) | 0.27 (0.12) | 0.16 (0.19) | 0.084 | |
| Time taken to LOR (seconds) | 22.8 (18.6) | 138.7 (216.8) | 149 (37.6) | 85.9 (137.1) | 0.207 | |
| Total sleep time (from LOR to ROR)(seconds) | 118.6 (40.9) | 516.2 (250.6)*1 | 280 (308.5) | 287.4 (257.2) | 0.007 |
The values are expressed as the mean (standard deviation). An asterisk mark (*) and the subsequent numbers indicate groups with P < 0.05 in the post hoc analysis after performing analysis of variance (ANOVA). LOR, loss of responsiveness point; ROR, return of responsiveness point.