Table 1.

Favoring effect of MSCs on brian.

MSC Origin	Model	Mechanisms	Outcomes	References
Mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs	dNCR aged mice	Increase the expression of SIRT1	Ameliorated cognitive impairment	[65,66]
Human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs	RmTBI mice (CCI4)	Restore GPX activity and GPX4 quantity	Rescue rmTBI-induced neurodegeneration and neuronal loss	[67,68]
MSCs-Exo under the hypoxic condition	ASCI mice (NYU impactor M-Ⅲ)	lncGm36569 as a competitive of miR-5627-5p to induce FSP1 upregulation	Promote functional recovery in the ASCI	[69,70]
Mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs-EVs	Hippocampal neurons (MCAO, OGD/R)	Upregulate GPX4 expression and inhibit COX-2 expression	Reverse loss of activity in tert-butyl peroxide exposed neurons	[71,72,73]