Table 2.

Favoring effect of MSCs on liver.

MSC/exosomes Origin	Model	Mechanisms	Outcomes	References
Exosomes from HO-1 modified BMMSCs	IRI of steatotic liver rats (SHPs-HR)	Knock down IREB2 reduced the level of Fer2+	Reduce the expression of IREB2 and inhibit ferroptosis and cell damage	[108,109,110]
MSCs-Exo derived BECN1	Mouses of liver fibrosis (10 % CCL4)	BECN1 decreases xCT/GPX4 expression and inhibits HSCs activation	Promote ferroptosis of HSCs	[111,112,113]
Exosomes derived from Baicalin-Pretreated MSCs	ALI mouse (LPS/D-GalN)	Activate the Keap1-NRF2 pathway	Inhibit ROS production and lipid peroxide-induced ferroptosis	[114,115,116]
Human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs	(I/R) injury rats	Inhibit the expression of MDA, reduce the release of ROS, and increase the production of GSH	Reduce the accumulation of tissue Fe2+ and alleviate the ferroptosis-related oxidative stress injury	[[117], [118], [119],120,121]
Exosomes from HO-1 modified BMMSCs	Rat DCD Liver (IRI)	miR-124-3p inhibit the elevated level of STEAP3	Inhibit hepatocytes ferroptosis and reduce the IRI of the grafts	[110,122,123]