Table 2.

Study population: clinical features

Variables	Study Population (259)	Severe Malaria (n = 111)	Uncomplicated Malaria (n = 148)	p
Male (n, %)	189 (72.9%)	88 (79.2)	101 (68.2)	ns
Age (Median, IQR)	39 (29–71)	39 (29–71)	41 (29–70)	ns
Country of origin (n, %)
European	107 (41.4)	55 (49.6)	52 (49)
Immigrant	140 (54)	52 (46.8)	88 (46.5)
Visitors from endemic country	12 (4.6)	4 (3.6)	8 (4.5)	ns
Comorbidities (n, %)	48 (18.5%)	26 (23.4%)	22 (14.8)
Antimalarial chemoprophylaxis (n, %)	244 (94.2%)	9 (8.1)	6 (4)	ns
Area of infection (n, %): West Africa	174 (67.1%)	86 (77.4)	88 (59.4)	ns
Purpose of travel (n, %)
VRFs	83 (32%)	36 (32.4)	47 (31.7)
Tourism	47 (18.2%)	31 (27.9)	16 (10.8)
Business	53 (20.4%)	22 (19.8)	31 (20.9)
Humanitarian aid	28 (10.8%)	13 (11.8)	15 (10.2)
Other	48 (18.6)	9 (8.1)	39 (26.4)	ns
Plasmodium (n, %)
Falciparum	203 (78.3%)	102 (91.9)	101 (68.3)
Vivax	38 (14.7%)	6 (5.4)	32 (21.7)
Ovale	10 (3.9%)	1 (0.9)	9 (6)
Malariae	3 (1.2%)	0	3 (2)
Knowlesi	0	0	0
Mixed Infection	5 (1.9)	2 (1.8)	3 (2)	ns
Delay of diagnosis (Median, IQR) (days)	2 (1–33)	2 (1–33)	2 (1–30)	ns
Delay of treatment (Median, IQR) (days)	3 (2–33)	3 (2–33)	3 (2–31)	ns
Days of hospitalization (Median, IQR) (days)	5 (4–75)	7 (5–75)	5 (4–19)	0.001
Basal % parasitaemia (Median, IQR)(days)	3 ± 2.7	5 ± 3	2 ± 1	ns
Time to parasitaemia < 1% (hours) (M ± SD)	37 ± 22.7	50 ± 27	28 ± 22	0.004
Time to parasite clearance (hours) (M ± SD)	58 ± 39.2	84 ± 45	39 ± 11	0.005
Antimalarial treatment
Artesunate (iv)	36 (13.9)	25 (22.5)	11 (7.5)	ns
Quinine (iv)	26 (10)	25 (22.5)	1 (0.7)
Artemetehr	19 (7.3)	12 (10.8)	7 (4.7)
Quinine (oral)	20 (7.7)	14 (12.6)	6 (4.1)
Dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine	125 (48.3)	32 (28.9)	93 (62.8)
Chloroquine	33 (12.8)	3 (2.7)	30 (20.2)

ICU  intensive care unit, im intramuscular, iv intraveneous, M  mean, SD  standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, VRFs  visiting relatives and friends