Table 1.
Basic characteristics of patients from both training and validation cohort
| Variables | Training cohort (N = 616) | Validation cohort (N = 311) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 70.50 ± 13.10 | 69.76 ± 13.48 | 0.490 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.94 ± 3.21 | 22.90 ± 2.98 | 0.888 |
| Sex | 0.594 | ||
| Male | 126 (20.5%) | 59 (19.0%) | |
| Female | 490 (79.5%) | 252 (81.0%) | |
| Reasons of operation | 0.450 | ||
| FNF | 197 (32.0%) | 97 (31.2%) | |
| ONFN | 257 (41.7%) | 142 (45.7%) | |
| OAH | 162 (26.3%) | 72 (23.2%) | |
| Operation time (min) | 91.62 ± 30.21 | 92.55 ± 31.68 | 0.977 |
| Intraoperative blood loss (mL) | 118.84 ± 112.39 | 132.19 ± 126.91 | 0.444 |
| Type of anesthesia | 0.648 | ||
| GA | 321 (52.1%) | 167 (53.7%) | |
| CSEA | 295 (47.9%) | 144 (46.3%) | |
| Smoking | 0.347 | ||
| No | 529 (85.9%) | 274 (88.1%) | |
| Yes | 87 (14.1%) | 37 (11.9%) | |
| Drinking | 0.334 | ||
| No | 535 (86.9%) | 277 (89.1%) | |
| Yes | 81 (13.1%) | 34 (10.9%) | |
| Hypertension | 0.395 | ||
| No | 275 (44.6%) | 148 (47.6% | |
| Yes | 341 (55.4%) | 163 (52.4% | |
| Diabetes | 0.199 | ||
| No | 485 (78.7%) | 256 (82.3) | |
| Yes | 131 (21.3) | 55 (17.7%) | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 0.783 | ||
| No | 541 (87.8%) | 278 (89.4%) | |
| Yes | 75 (12.2%) | 33 (10.6%) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 0.276 | ||
| No | 516 (83.8%) | 269 (86.5%) | |
| Yes | 100 (16.2%) | 42 (13.5%) | |
| Osteoporosis | 0.517 | ||
| No | 378 (61.4%) | 184 (59.2%) | |
| Yes | 238 (38.6%) | 127 (40.8%) | |
| TP (g/L) | 65.70 ± 7.40 | 66.41 ± 7.19 | 0.164 |
| ALB(g/L) | 37.76 ± 4.99 | 38.19 ± 4.76 | 0.208 |
| GLB (g/L) | 27.82 ± 5.10 | 28.20 ± 5.33 | 0.330 |
| SAA (mg/L) | 81.70 ± 94.98 | 93.45 ± 108.59 | 0.056 |
| IRON (μmol/L) | 13.39 ± 12.30 | 13.10 ± 13.75 | 0.627 |
| TIBC (μmol/L) | 46.97 ± 9.33 | 47.20 ± 10.28 | 0.787 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 23.44 ± 32.77 | 27.54 ± 36.60 | 0.183 |
| RBC (1,012/L) | 3.94 ± 1.58 | 3.94 ± 0.67 | 0.450 |
| Hb(g/L) | 120.01 ± 20.13 | 121.47 ± 27.32 | 0.901 |
| HCT (%) | 36.04 ± 6.36 | 36.42 ± 5.85 | 0.395 |
| MCV (fL) | 93.30 ± 6.20 | 93.06 ± 6.81 | 0.823 |
| MCH (pg) | 31.11 ± 2.42 | 30.86 ± 2.78 | 0.519 |
| MCHC (g/L) | 333.08 ± 9.83 | 330.82 ± 11.68 | 0.055 |
| Anemia | 0.376 | ||
| No | 381 (61.9%) | 183 (58.8%) | |
| Yes | 235 (38.1%) | 128 (41.2%) |
BMI body mass index, FNF femoral neck fracture, ONFN osteonecrosis of the femoral head, OAH hip osteoarthritis, GA General Anesthesia, CSEA Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia, TP Total Protein, ALB albumin, GLB globulin, SAA serum amyloid-a, IRON serum iron, TIBC Total Iron binding capacity, CRP C-reactive protein, RBC red blood cell, Hb Hemoglobin, HCT Hematocrit, MCV mean corpuscular volume, MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin, MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
Data are presented as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation
Bold represents p-value < 0.05