Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of the included population
| All (n = 332) | Canada, Hamilton (n = 31) | Canada, COPN (n = 30) | USA, California (n = 35) | USA, Washington (n = 29) | Mexico (n = 36) | Argentina (n = 30) | The Netherlands (n = 19) | Belgium (n = 30) | UK (n = 29) | Spain (n = 28) | Japan (n = 35) | p-value1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Format of interviews | < 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| Online | 173 (52.1) | 6 (19.4) | 30 (100.0) | 35 (100.0) | 29 (100.0) | 26 (72.2) | 0 (0.00) | 19 (100.0) | 14 (46.7) | 29 (100.0) | 1 (3.6) | 3 (8.6) | |
| Face-to-face | 159 (47.9) | 25 (80.6) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 10 (27.8) | 30 (100.0) | 0 (0.00) | 16 (53.3) | 0 (0.00) | 27 (96.4) | 32 (91.4) | |
| Age (years) | 67.5 ± 8.02 | 68.9 ± 8.18 | 67.9 ± 5.33 | 63.9 ± 7.1 | 65.4 ± 7.79 | 66.5 ± 7.36 | 68.2 ± 8.55 | 67.0 ± 10.5 | 67.1 ± 7.62 | 65.8 ± 8.28 | 69.4 ± 8.69 | 71.8 ± 7.47 | 0.007 |
| Diploma | |||||||||||||
| Primary school | 17 (5.1) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 4 (11.1) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (5.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.00) | 10 (35.7) | 0 (0.00) | < 0.001 |
| Lower secondary | 24 (7.2) | 2 (6.5) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 6 (16.7) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (5.3) | 6 (20.0) | 2 (6.9) | 3 (10.7) | 2 (5.7) | |
| Upper secondary | 77 (23.2) | 11 (35.5) | 5 (16.7) | 2 (5.7) | 7 (24.1) | 4 (11.1) | 9 (30.0) | 6 (31.6) | 12 (40.0) | 5 (17.2) | 3 (10.7) | 13 (37.1) | |
| Post-secondary (non U) | 60 (18.1) | 8 (25.8) | 3 (10.0) | 6 (17.1) | 3 (10.3) | 2 (5.6) | 8 (26.7) | 8 (42.1) | 11 (36.7) | 1 (3.4) | 0 (0.00) | 10 (28.6) | |
| Post-secondary (U) | 154 (46.4) | 10 (32.3) | 22 (73.3) | 27 (77.1) | 19 (65.5) | 20 (55.6) | 9 (30.0) | 3 (15.8) | 1 (3.3) | 21 (72.4) | 12 (42.9) | 10 (28.6) | |
| Diagnosis of OP | |||||||||||||
| Yes | 284 (85.5) | 31 (100.0) | 30 (100.0) | 30 (85.7) | 26 (89.7) | 27 (75.0) | 22 (73.3) | 19 (100.0) | 9 (30.0) | 28 (96.6) | 28 (100.0) | 34 (97.1) | < 0.001 |
| Currently on osteoporosis treatment | |||||||||||||
| Yes | 167 (50.3) | 13 (41.9) | 14 (46.7) | 8 (22.9) | 14 (48.3) | 14 (38.9) | 15 (50.0) | 18 (94.7) | 8 (26.7) | 21 (72.4) | 21 (75.0) | 21 (60.0) | < 0.001 |
| History of fracture | |||||||||||||
| Yes | 160 (48.2) | 15 (48.4) | 15 (50.0) | 14 (40.0) | 11 (37.9) | 15 (41.7) | 9 (30.0) | 18 (94.7) | 12 (40.0) | 21 (72.4) | 14 (50.0) | 17 (48.6) | 0.001 |
| Site of previous fractures | |||||||||||||
| Spine | 48 (14.5) | 2 (6.5) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (2.9) | 10 (28.6) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (3.3) | 8 (42.1) | 0 (0.0) | 13 (44.8) | 7 (25.0) | 7 (25.0) | < 0.001 |
| Hip | 17 (5.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.9) | 15 (41.7) | 3 (10.0) | 4 (21.1) | 1 (3.3) | 2 (6.9) | 2 (7.1) | 2 (5.7) | 0.18 |
| Wrist | 43 (13.0) | 5 (16.1) | 4 (13.3) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.9) | 8 (22.2) | 1 (3.3) | 5 (26.3) | 2 (6.7) | 10 (34.5) | 4 (14.3) | 2 (5.7) | 0.03 |
| Humerus | 18 (5.4) | 2 (6.5) | 3 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (11.1) | 3 (10.0) | 2 (10.5) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (3.4) | 2 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.10 |
| Other | 92 (27.7) | 10 (32.3) | 7 (23.3) | 13 37.1) | 9 (31.0) | 6 (16.7) | 2 (6.7) | 9 (47.4) | 11 (36.7) | 11 (37.9) | 5 (17.9) | 9 (25.7) | 0.005 |
| Numeric literacy | |||||||||||||
| Low (0, 1 point) | 116 (34.9) | 9 (29.0) | 4 (13.3) | 9 (25.7) | 12 (41.4) | 13 (36.1) | 18 (60.0) | 7 (36.8) | 10 (33.3) | 5 (17.2) | 20 (71.4) | 9 (25.7) | 0.001 |
| Medium (2 points) | 132 (39.8) | 18 (58.1) | 13 (43.3) | 17 (48.6) | 10 (34.5) | 13 (36.1) | 8 (26.7) | 5 (26.3) | 14 (46.7) | 14 (48.3) | 6 (21.4) | 14 (40.0) | |
| High (3 points) | 83 (25.0) | 3 (9.7) | 13 (43.3) | 9 (25.7) | 7 (24.1) | 10 (27.8) | 4 (13.3) | 7 (36.8) | 6 (20.0) | 10 (34.5) | 2 (7.1) | 12 (34.3) | |
| Comfortable with numbers | |||||||||||||
| Yes | 197 (59.3) | 18 (58.1) | 20 (66.7) | 25 (71.4) | 23 (79.3) | 24 (66.7) | 14(46.7) | 12 (63.2) | 13 (43.3) | 22 (75.9) | 13 (46.4) | 13 (37.1) | 0.004 |
NB. Quantitative variables are expressed in mean ± SD; binary and categorical variables are expressed in absolute and relative frequencies, n (%)
FR fracture risk, U University, OP Osteoporosis
1p-values assessing statistical differences between countries were obtained using a Chi2 test (or exact Fisher test) for categorical/binary variables and using a one-way ANOVA for quantitative variables