Table 3.
Preferences for fracture risk communication by study site
| All (n = 332) | Canada, Hamilton (n = 31) | Canada, COPN (n = 30) | USA, California (n = 35) | USA, Washington (n = 29) | Mexico (n = 36) | Argentina (n = 30) | The Netherlands (n = 19) | Belgium (n = 30) | UK (n = 29) | Spain (n = 28) | Japan (n = 35) | p-value2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Verbal/written communication1 | |||||||||||||
| Easy to understand (1–7) | 5.14 ± 1.92 | 5.68 ± 1.49 | 5.03 ± 1.96 | 4.97 ± 2.22 | 5.28 ± 1.91 | 5.56 ± 1.95 | 4.7 ± 2.10 | 6.05 ± 1.31 | 4.83 ± 1.82 | 4.52 ± 1.86 | 5.71 ± 1.92 | 4.54 ± 1.85 | 0.026 |
| Feel concerned (1–7) | 3.36 ± 1.77 | 3.00 ± 1.71 | 2.90 ± 1.69 | 3.06 ± 1.68 | 3.59 ± 1.57 | 3.44 ± 2.13 | 2.93 ± 1.68 | 3.89 ± 1.66 | 4.67 ± 1.35 | 3.76 ± 1.59 | 2.46 ± 1.53 | 3.46 ± 1.84 | < 0.001 |
| Add FR with treatment (1–7) | 6.10 ± 1.41 | 6.39 ± 1.09 | 6.03 ± 1.30 | 6.20 ± 1.21 | 6.14 ± 1.43 | 6.42 ± 1.46 | 6.0 ± 1.62 | 5.89 ± 1.85 | 5.60 ± 1.48 | 6.07 ± 1.33 | 6.64 ± 0.87 | 5.63 ± 1.63 | 0.10 |
| Lifestyle change (1–7) | 6.05 ± 1.45 | 6.26 ± 1.39 | 6.90 ± 0.40 | 6.2 ± 1.57 | 6.07 ± 1.46 | 6.50 ± 1.13 | 6.0 ± 1.51 | 5.84 ± 1.21 | 5.30 ± 1.37 | 5.79 ± 1.89 | 6.11 ± 1.37 | 5.49 ± 1.58 | 0.001 |
| Medical treatment (1–7) | 5.8 ± 1.60 | 5.52 ± 1.50 | 5.73 ± 1.95 | 4.86 ± 2.05 | 5.52 ± 1.55 | 6.64 ± 0.89 | 6.23 ± 1.30 | 6.37 ± 1.01 | 4.97 ± 1.63 | 6.03 ± 1.55 | 6.5 ± 1.00 | 5.69 ± 1.60 | < 0.001 |
| Coloured traffic-light graph1 | |||||||||||||
| Easy to understand (1–7) | 6.38 ± 1.23 | 6.19 ± 1.49 | 6.53 ± 1.25 | 6.63 ± 1.00 | 6.59 ± 0.91 | 6.64 ± 1.15 | 5.97 ± 1.67 | 6.32 ± 1.25 | 5.93 ± 1.05 | 6.72 ± 0.53 | 6.89 ± 0.31 | 5.77 ± 1.61 | 0.001 |
| Feel concerned (1–7) | 2.74 ± 1.87 | 2.74 ± 1.82 | 1.97 ± 1.52 | 2.03 ± 1.25 | 2.21 ± 1.42 | 3.86 ± 2.29 | 2.27 ± 1.76 | 2.95 ± 1.81 | 4.56 ± 1.59 | 2.48 ± 1.59 | 1.89 ± 1.13 | 3.06 ± 2.14 | < 0.001 |
| Add FR with treatment (1–7) | 6.12 ± 1.53 | 5.94 ± 1.63 | 6.43 ± 1.28 | 6.34 ± 1.06 | 6.59 ± 0.95 | 6.64 ± 1.39 | 5.70 ± 1.93 | 5.58 ± 2.09 | 5.53 ± 1.28 | 6.17 ± 1.34 | 5.61 ± 2.18 | 6.37 ± 1.16 | 0.01 |
| Lifestyle change (1–7) | 6.11 ± 1.42 | 6.10 ± 1.25 | 6.87 ± 0.57 | 6.54 ± 0.89 | 6.45 ± 0.91 | 6.39 ± 1.40 | 6.17 ± 1.46 | 5.58 ± 1.54 | 5.07 ± 1.34 | 6.14 ± 1.50 | 5.71 ± 1.76 | 5.86 ± 1.80 | < 0.001 |
| Medical treatment (1–7) | 5.93 ± 1.53 | 5.52 ± 1.84 | 5.80 ± 1.69 | 5.54 ± 1.61 | 6.07 ± 1.19 | 6.67 ± 0.76 | 5.73 ± 1.98 | 5.89 ± 1.33 | 5.5 ± 1.31 | 6.45 ± 0.98 | 5.71 ± 1.92 | 6.20 ± 1.49 | 0.02 |
| Usefulness of classification1 (1–7) | 6.11 ± 1.33 | 5.84 ± 1.39 | 6.17 ± 1.31 | 6.31 ± 1.08 | 6.31 ± 1.39 | 6.44 ± 1.42 | 6.0 ± 1.58 | 5.84 ± 1.61 | 5.30 ± 1.53 | 6.28 ± 0.99 | 6.61 ± 0.78 | 6.03 ± 1.07 | 0.01 |
| Usefulness of colours (1–7) | 6.48 ± 1.06 | 6.32 ± 1.35 | 6.43 ± 1.16 | 6.71 ± 0.71 | 6.79 ± 0.67 | 6.72 ± 1.11 | 6.23 ± 1.48 | 6.37 ± 1.42 | 5.63 ± 0.97 | 6.59 ± 0.63 | 6.82 ± 0.48 | 6.57 ± 0.92 | < 0.001 |
| Being in the red Sect. (1–7) | 2.0 ± 1.32 | 1.87 ± 1.02 | 1.57 ± 1.04 | 1.83 ± 1.01 | 1.83 ± 1.07 | 2.11 ± 1.85 | 1.70 ± 1.12 | 2.79 ± 1.47 | 2.80 ± 1.32 | 1.90 ± 1.20 | 1.89 ± 1.07 | 2.00 ± 1.59 | 0.005 |
| Preference for three graphs | |||||||||||||
| Horizontal with arrow | 142 (42.8) | 9 (29.0) | 9 (30.0) | 15 (42.9) | 11 (37.9) | 14 (38.9) | 10 (33.3) | 5 (26.3) | 17 (56.7) | 14 (48.3) | 22 (78.6) | 16 (45.7) | < 0.001 |
| Horizontal scaled on 100 | 106 (31.9) | 12 (38.7) | 12 (40.0) | 13 (37.1) | 13 (44.8) | 1 (2.8) | 8 (26.7) | 10 (52.6) | 9 (30.0) | 9 (31.0) | 4 (14.3) | 15 (42.9) | |
| Vertical | 84 (25.3) | 10 (32.3) | 9 (30.0) | 7 (20.0) | 5 (17.2) | 21 (58.3) | 12 (33.3) | 4 (21.1) | 4 (13.3) | 6 (20.7) | 2 (7.1) | 4 (11.4) | |
| Icon array1 | |||||||||||||
| Easy to understand (1–7) | 5.19 ± 2.09 | 5.58 ± 2.05 | 4.80 ± 2.31 | 5.14 ± 2.17 | 5.66 ± 1.95 | 4.42 ± 2.50 | 5.53 ± 2.14 | 5.95 ± 1.68 | 5.1 ± 1.75 | 5.41 ± 1.90 | 5.71 ± 1.76 | 4.40 ± 2.05 | 0.04 |
| Feel concerned (1–7) | 3.71 ± 1.91 | 4.16 ± 1.75 | 3.47 ± 1.83 | 3.86 ± 1.54 | 4.14 ± 1.57 | 3.17 ± 2.29 | 3.07 ± 2.26 | 3.79 ± 1.90 | 4.17 ± 1.64 | 3.97 ± 1.64 | 3.00 ± 2.05 | 4.06 ± 2.04 | 0.06 |
| Add FR with treatment (1–7) | 5.63 ± 1.84 | 5.77 ± 1.80 | 5.83 ± 2.05 | 5.23 ± 1.89 | 5.52 ± 1.82 | 4.89 ± 2.62 | 6.37 ± 1.24 | 5.63 ± 1.61 | 5.2 ± 1.45 | 5.76 ± 1.57 | 6.86 ± 0.45 | 5.20 ± 1.88 | 0.001 |
| Lifestyle change (1–7) | 5.60 ± 1.74 | 5.81 ± 1.70 | 5.93 ± 1.76 | 5.66 ± 1.66 | 5.76 ± 1.55 | 5.08 ± 2.43 | 5.97 ± 1.49 | 5.74 ± 1.56 | 5.0 ± 1.23 | 5.24 ± 2.06 | 6.39 ± 1.03 | 5.23 ± 1.75 | 0.04 |
| Medical treatment (1–7) | 5.39 ± 1.84 | 5.32 ± 2.04 | 5.17 ± 1.95 | 4.57 ± 1.88 | 5.21 ± 1.54 | 5.42 ± 2.27 | 6.0 ± 1.64 | 5.84 ± 1.64 | 4.83 ± 1.77 | 5.38 ± 1.78 | 6.54 ± 0.99 | 5.4 ± 1.73 | 0.003 |
| Preference for arrays | |||||||||||||
| Add a scale | 155 (46.7) | 13 (41.9) | 19 (63.3) | 18 (51.4) | 17 (58.6) | 8 (22.2) | 20 (66.7) | 4 (21.1) | 7 (23.3) | 12 (41.4) | 19 (67.9) | 18 (51.4) | < 0.001 |
| Invert the scale | 64 (19.3) | 4 (12.9) | 3 (10.0) | 9 (25.7) | 7 (24.1) | 3 (8.3) | 13 (43.3) | 3 (15.8) | 6 (20.0) | 5 (17.2) | 5 (17.9) | 6 (17.1) | 0.002 |
| Use a lower scale | 125 (37.7) | 13 (41.9) | 13 (43.3) | 8 (22.9) | 13 (44.8) | 7 (19.4) | 21 (70.0) | 6 (31.6) | 11 (36.7) | 8 (27.6) | 16 (57.1) | 9 (25.7) | < 0.001 |
| Use colours | 267 (80.4) | 23 (74.2) | 20 (66.7) | 29 (82.9) | 24 (82.8) | 24 (66.7) | 22 (73.3) | 17 (89.5) | 27 (90.0) | 23 (79.3) | 26 (92.9) | 32 (91.4) | 0.01 |
| Use other icon arrays | |||||||||||||
| Preference for faces | 162 (48.8) | 17 (54.8) | 8 (26.7) | 18 (51.4) | 12 (41.4) | 9 (25.0) | 11 (36.7) | 11 (57.9) | 21 (70.0) | 17 (58.6) | 15 (53.6) | 23 (65.7) | < 0.001 |
| Preference for bones | 25 (7.5) | 2 (6.5) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.4) | 10 (27.8) | 4 (13.3) | 2 (10.5) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0. 0) | 1 (3.6) | 3 (8.6) | |
| Preference for persons | 83 (25.0) | 4 (12.9) | 16 (53.3) | 11 (31.4) | 11 (37.9) | 4 (11.1) | 8 (26.7) | 3 (15.8) | 2 (6.7) | 7 (24.1) | 8 (28.6) | 9 (25.7) | |
| General preference (easier to understand) | |||||||||||||
| Simple verbal/written presentation of % | 59 (17.8) | 7 (22.6) | 8 (26.7) | 2 (5.7) | 4 (13.8) | 2 (5.6) | 14 (46.7) | 3 (15.8) | 2 (6.7) | 3 (10.3) | 11 (39.3) | 3 (8.6) | < 0.001 |
| Coloured traffic-light graphs | 203 (61.1) | 16 (51.6) | 21 (70.0) | 27 (77.1) | 20 (69.0) | 21 (58.3) | 2 (6.7) | 12 (63.2) | 20 (66.7) | 20 (69.0) | 16 (57.1) | 28 (80.0) | < 0.001 |
| Icon arrays | 71 (21.4) | 8 (25.8) | 1 (3.3) | 6 (17.1) | 5 (17.2) | 12 (33.3) | 14 (46.7) | 4 (21.1) | 8 (26.7) | 6 (20.7) | 3 (10.7) | 4 (11.1) | 0.004 |
| General preference (for treatment initiation) | |||||||||||||
| Simple verbal/written presentation of % | 62 (18.7) | 7 (22.6) | 6 (20.0) | 8 (22.9) | 4 (13.8) | 3 (8.3) | 13 (43.3) | 2 (10.5) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (3.4) | 12 (42.9) | 5 (14.3) | < 0.001 |
| Coloured traffic-light graphs | 203 (61.1) | 15 (48.4) | 22 (73.3) | 24 (68.6) | 18 (62.1) | 22(61.1) | 4 (13.3) | 13 (68.4) | 26 (86.7) | 21 (72.4) | 15 (53.6) | 23 (65.7) | < 0.001 |
| Icon arrays | 69 (20.8) | 9 (29.0) | 2 (6.7) | 3 (8.6) | 7 (24.1) | 11 (30.6) | 13 (43.3) | 4 (21.1) | 3 (10.0) | 7 (24.1) | 3 (10.7) | 7 (20.0) | 0.008 |
NB. Quantitative variables are expressed in mean ± SD; binary and categorical variables are expressed in absolute and relative frequencies, n (%)
1Scale used (1–7): from negative (very difficult, very concerned, not useful, not motivated for change) (1), to positive (very easy, not concerned at all, very useful, very motivated) (7)
2p-values assessing statistical differences between countries were obtained using a Chi2 test (or exact Fisher test) for categorical/binary variables and using a one-way ANOVA for quantitative variables