Table 1.
The general composition of milk from camels, mares, cows, and humans (g/100 mL)
| Camel | Mare | Cow | Human | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy (kcal) | 66.1–88.9 | 49.4 | 76.2 | 64.2 |
| Protein (g) | 2.4–4.2 | 1.4–3.2 | 3.0–3.9 | 0.9–1.9 |
| Casein (g) | 2.21–2.60 | 0.94–1.36 | 2.46–2.8 | 0.24–0.42 |
| Whey (g) | 0.59–0.81 | 0.74–0.91 | 0.55–0.70 | 0.62–0.83 |
| Lactose (g) | 3.5–5.1 | 5.6–7.2 | 4.4–5.6 | 6.3–7.0 |
| Fat (g) | 2.0–6.0 | 0.3–4.2 | 3.3–5.4 | 2.1–4.0 |
| Total saturated fatty acid (%) | 47.0–69.9 | 37.5–55.8 | 55.7–72.8 | 39.4–45.0 |
| Total monounsaturated fatty acid (%) | 28.1–31.1 | 18.9–36.2 | 22.7–30.3 | 33.2–45.1 |
| Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (%) | 1.8–11.1 | 12.8 − 51.3 | 2.4–6.3 | 8.1–19.1 |
| Linoleic acid (g) | 0.08–0.09 | 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.37 |
| α-Linolenic acid (g) | 0.04–0.08 | 0.15 | 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Cholesterol (mg) | 31.3–37.1 | 5.0–8.8 | 13.1–31.4 | 14–20 |
| Calcium (mg) | 106 | 92.9 | 119.8 | 27.6 |
| Magnesium (mg) | 12 | 8.1 | 12.6 | 3.8 |
| Potassium (mg) | 156 | 87.1 | 147.9 | 71.3 |
| Sodium (mg) | 69 | 17.4 | 49.3 | 15.9 |
| Iron (mg) | 0.26 | 0.19 | 0.08 | 0.2 |
| Zinc (mg) | 0.44 | 0.62 | 0.62 | 0.64 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 10.7–14.4 | 14 | 1.0 | 4.1 |
| Vitamin B12 (µg) | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.04 |