Table 2.
Snore loudness across different manifestations of sleep-disordered breathing and sleep stages
| Independent Variable | Estimate (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|
| Sleep-disordered breathing | ||
| Intercept | 2.4 (‒1.19 to 5.9) | |
| Apnea | ‒14.1 (‒14.4 to ‒13.7) | <10‒9 |
| Hypopnea | 1.0 (0.78 to 1.3) | <10‒9 |
| Stable flow limitation | 4.7 (4.5 to 4.9) | <10‒9 |
| Arousal | ‒2.4 (‒2.6 to ‒2.1) | <10‒9 |
| Sleep stage | ||
| Intercept | 0.04 (‒3.5 to 3.6) | |
| N1 | ‒4.1 (‒4.2 to ‒3.9) | <10‒9 |
| N3 | 3.7 (3.5 to 3.9) | <10‒9 |
| REM | ‒5.4 (‒5.6 to ‒5.2) | <10‒9 |
Definition of abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; REM = rapid eye movement.
Snore loudness was expressed as a change from 82 dB, which was the estimated tracheal sound loudness value for unobstructed eupneic breathing. The model intercept represents snore loudness during conditions of stable non–flow-limited breathing (top part of table) and stage N2 sleep (bottom part). Estimates represent decibel change in snore loudness relative to the intercept condition.