Table 3.

Statistically significant effects for outcomes for which the data provided evidence (proof, indication or hint) of greater or lesser benefit of ST compared with CBT (from [9])

Outcome		Operationalisation	Length of follow-up	Effect measure	Effect esti-mate	95% CI	p-value	Study	Direction of effect
I: Affective disorders
No.1	Depressive symptoms	Beck Depression Inventory < 9	Week 12 – 16	OR	0.35	[0.13; 0.97]	0.045	Brent et al. [40–53]	▼
V: Mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use
No. 22	Cannabis use disorder	Categories: remission, abuse, dependence (ADI-Light for cannabis)	Month 12	OR	1.68	[1.15; 2.44]	0.007	INCANT [63–85]	▲
No. 25	Symptoms of cannabis use disorder	Number of symptoms of cannabis use disorder (ADI-Light for cannabis)	Month 0 – 12	Cohen’s d	1.27	[0.51; 2.03]	< 0.001	INCANT [63–85]	▲
			Month 12	MD	− 0.60	[− 0.99; − 0.21]	0.003	INCANT [63–85]
No. 29	Use of cannabis	Days of cannabis use days in the past 90 days, adolescent self-report (TLFB)	Month 12	MD	− 27.14	[− 44.24; − 10.04]	0.002	Waldron et al. [122, 123]	▲
			Month 6	MD	7.90	[− 14.45; − 1.35]	0,018	INCANT [63–85]	▲
			Month 6 / 7	MD	− 8.22	[− 14.40; − 2.03]	0.009	Meta-analysis: INCANT [63–85] Waldron et al. [122, 123]	▲
			Month 12	MD	− 8.30	[− 14.83; − 1.77]	0.013	INCANT [63–85]	▲
		% of cannabis use days in the past 90 days, adolescent self-report (FORM 90D, TLFB)	Month 4	n/a	n/a	n/a	< 0.025	Waldron et al. [122, 123]	▲

▲ Effect in favour of ST ▼ Effect to the disadvantage of ST

ADI-Light Adolescent Diagnostic Interview-Light, CI confidence interval, MD mean difference, n/a not available or not specified in the study, No. number, OR odds ratio, TLFB timeline followback