Table 2.

Lung Somatic Mutation Burden Is Associated with Lung Function (FEV₁) and Airway-to-Alveolar Epithelial Ratio

	All (n = 1,143)		COPD (n = 333)		IPF (n = 146)
Outcome: Total sSNV	β (95% CI)	P Value	β (95% CI)	P Value	β (95% CI)	P Value
Airway:alveolar ratio*	0.16 (0.14 to 0.17)	<2 × 10−16	0.04 (0.006 to 0.07)	0.018	0.20 (0.16 to 0.25)	1.4 × 10−15
FEV1*	−0.04 (−0.06 to −0.03)	1.9 × 10−6	−0.05 (−0.09 to −0.02)	0.002	−0.07 (−0.12 to −0.02)	0.003
Age*	−0.004 (−0.02 to 0.01)	0.62	−0.005 (−0.04 to 0.02)	0.1	0.003 (−0.04 to 0.04)	0.87
Male sex	−0.02 (−0.06 to 0.01)	0.21	−0.05 (−0.12 to 0.02)	0.14	−0.01 (−0.11 to 0.09)	0.9
Race
African American	1.06 (0.94 to 1.19)	<2 × 10−16	1.11 (0.88 to 1.34)	<2 × 10−16	0.83 (0.6 to 1.3)	0.001
Hispanic	0.18 (0.07 to 0.29)	0.01	0.07 (−0.19 to 0.3)	0.66	0.19 (−0.02 to 0.41)	0.08
Other	0.16 (−0.02 to 0.34)	0.08	−0.28 (−0.68 to 0.12)	0.17	0.05 (−0.24 to 0.3)	0.74
Smoking*	−0.02 (−0.04 to −0.003)	0.02	−0.01 (−0.05 to 0.02)	0.4	0.01 (−0.03 to 0.05)	0.3
Somatic coverage*	−0.006 (−0.02 to 0.01)	0.47	−0.005 (−0.04 to 0.03)	0.77	−0.03 (−0.07 to 0.01)	0.14

Definition of abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IPF = idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; sSNV = somatic single-nucleotide variant.

The number of total sSNVs was log transformed. Reprinted by permission from Reference 11.

^*Continuous variables are standardized.