Figure 2.

Longitudinal associations between tertiles of early-pregnancy glucose concentrations and blood pressure (n = 6,078). Blood pressure patterns in different maternal early-pregnancy glucose tertiles. (a) Systolic and (b) diastolic blood pressure in different maternal early-pregnancy glucose tertiles (n = 6,078). Results reflect the change in mm Hg in mothers with early-pregnancy glucose concentrations in the second (4.0–4.6 mmol/l) and third (4.6–10.3 mmol/l) tertiles, compared with those with glucose levels in the first tertile (0.3–4.0 mmol/l). (a) Systolic blood pressure = β₀ + β₁ × glucose tertile + β₂ × gestational age + β₃ × gestational age⁻² + β₄ × glucose tertile × gestational age. (b) Diastolic blood pressure = β₀ + β₁ × glucose tertile + β₂ × gestational age + β₃ × gestational age^0.5 + β₄ × glucose tertile × gestational age. The models were adjusted for gestational age at intake. The interaction term of maternal early-pregnancy glucose tertile with gestational age in weeks was not significant. Similarly, when glucose was used continuously in the models, no significant interaction of maternal early-pregnancy glucose concentration with gestational age in weeks was observed. Estimates are given in Supplementary Table S5 online.