Fig. 1.

Salamander appendicular skeleton: A generalised morphology of the appendicular skeleton is shown based on genus Dicamptodon, which is adapted from Shubin and Wake (2003). Forelimbs present four digits and hindlimbs, five digits. Roman numbers depict the digit number from anterior to posterior. Mesopodium elements are: bc, basal commune; c, centrale; y, element y (centralia 1 in Bothe et al., 2021); r/t, radiale/tibiale; i, intermedium; 3, distal carpal/tarsal 3; 4, distal carpal/tarsal 4; 5, distal tarsal 5; u/f, ulnare/fibulare.