Table 1.
Characteristics of Respondents Stratified by Self-Reported SARS-CoV-2 Test Result, Weighted
| Characteristics | Tested negativea n (%) [95% CI] |
Tested positivea n (%) [95% CI] |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 1,719 (59.5%) | 1,171 (40.5%) | |
| Age groups, years | <0.001 | ||
| 18–29 | 262 (15.8%) [13.3%, 18.5%] | 269 (22.5%) [19.5%, 25.6%] | |
| 30–44 | 400 (24.2%) [21.7%, 26.9%] | 354 (29.6%) [26.6%, 32.7%] | |
| 45–59 | 368 (22.3%) [19.7%, 24.9%] | 289 (24.2%) [21.2%, 27.2%] | |
| ≥60 | 621 (37.6%) [35.1%, 40.2%] | 284 (23.8%) [20.7%, 26.8%] | |
| Sex | 0.2 | ||
| Male | 812 (49.2%) [46.7%, 51.7%] | 552 (46.1%) [43.2%, 49.1%] | |
| Female | 839 (50.8%) [48.3%, 53.4%] | 644 (53.9%) [50.9%, 56.8%] | |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.001 | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1,034 (62.7%) [60.4%, 65.0%] | 759 (63.5%) [60.8%, 66.3%] | |
| Non-Hispanic Black/African American | 209 (12.7%) [10.4%, 15.0%] | 97 (8.1%) [5.4%, 10.9%] | |
| Non-Hispanic otherb | 169 (10.2%) [7.9%, 12.6%] | 91 (7.6%) [4.9%, 10.4%] | |
| Hispanic | 238 (14.4%) [12.1%, 16.8%] | 249 (20.8%) [18.1%, 23.6%] | |
| Marital status | 0.01 | ||
| Currently married | 976 (59.1%) [56.7%, 61.6%] | 630 (52.7%) [49.7%, 55.7%] | |
| Not married | 675 (40.9%) [38.5%, 43.4%] | 566 (47.3%) [44.4%, 50.3%] | |
| Highest level of education completed | 0.02 | ||
| Some high school or less | 128 (7.7%) [5.2%, 10.3%] | 115 (9.6%) [6.7%, 12.6%] | |
| High school graduate/some college | 840 (50.9%) [48.3%, 53.4%] | 659 (55.1%) [52.1%, 58.0%] | |
| 4-year college or postgraduate education | 683 (41.4%) [38.8%, 43.9%] | 423 (35.3%) [32.4%, 38.3%] | |
| Past-year or current self-reported health conditions | 0.04 | ||
| At least 1 health problem | 1,336 (80.9%) [79.0%, 82.8%] | 920 (76.9%) [74.5%, 79.3%] | |
| No health problems | 315 (19.1%) [17.2%, 21.0%] | 277 (23.1%) [20.8%, 25.6%] | |
| Receipt of vaccinationc | <0.001 | ||
| Full vaccination (including booster) | 1,446 (87.6%) [86.1%, 89.1%] | 881 (73.6%) [71.1%, 76.2%] | |
| Partial vaccination | 34 (2.1%) [0.5%, 3.6%] | 29 (2.4%) [0%, 4.9%] | |
| Unvaccinated | 171 (10.4%) [8.8%, 11.9%] | 286 (23.9%) [21.4%, 26.4%] | |
| Ongoing symptomsd | <0.001 | ||
| No ongoing symptoms | 1,289 (78.1%) [76.1%, 80.1%] | 517 (43.2%) [40.4%, 46.2%] | |
| One or more ongoing symptom | 362 (21.9%) [19.9%, 23.9%] | 680 (56.8%) [54.0%, 59.8%] | |
| Two or more ongoing symptoms | 200 (12.1%) [10.6%, 13.7%] | 461 (38.5%) [35.7%, 41.4%] |
Note: Statistical weighting was used to align the sample with U.S. population distributions, adjusting for sex, age, and education. Weights were designed to match the U.S. Census ACS proportions for these variables.
Respondents self-reported ever having received a positive test result or always receiving a negative test result.
Respondents who reported a race other than non-Hispanic White or Black, including Asian, American Indian, Alaskan Native, and Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, or reported 2 or more non-Hispanic races.
Vaccination status was defined as full vaccination, reported receiving 1 dose of Johnson & Johnson or 2 or more doses of Pfizer or Moderna; partial vaccination, reported receiving 1 dose of Pfizer or Moderna; and unvaccinated, reported not receiving any doses of a COVID-19 vaccine.
Ongoing symptoms included fatigue, weakness, change in smell or taste, headache, cough, joint/muscle pain, change in mood, brain fog, diarrhea, shortness of breath/breathlessness, chest pain/pressure, fever or chills, sore throat, nausea/vomiting, stomach pain, problems in sleeping, postexertional malaise, and palpitations.
ACS, American Community Survey.