Fig. 6. Cystine deprivation triggers glutamate accumulation and CD36 elevation.

a Representative plots of the FVD506⁺, BODIPY C11⁺, LY108⁺, CD62L⁺CD44⁺ subsets and cytokine-secretion levels of the indicated T cells (n = 3 per group). b Glutamate content of CD8⁺ T cells in the indicated groups. c–h T cells were cultured in NM, CD, NM-high glutamine and CD-high glutamine for 48 h. The FVD506⁺ subset (c), BODIPY C11⁺ subset (d), LY108⁺ subset (e), TCF1 expression (f), CD62L⁺CD44⁺ subset (g), PD-1 expression (h), and the levels of cytokine secretion (i) in the indicated T cells were measured by flow cytometry. j The representative plot (top) and quantitative analysis (bottom) of CD36 expression of the indicated T cells. k Flow cytometry analysis of oxLDL-DyLight-488 MFI of indicated T cells. l Quantification of total glutathione in the indicated T cells. m Intracellular ROS detection of the Indicated T cells incubated with DCFHDA. Each symbol represents one individual. Data are mean ± s.e.m. p values are measured by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test (b) and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (c–m). Ns not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.