Table 4.

Oral-function values in each breathing-pattern group.

	Mouth-breathers	Oronasal-breathers	Nasal-breathers	P-value
Maximum occlusal force	872.2 ± 380.4	1015.0 ± 502.7	967.3 ± 442.9	0.458
Occlusal contact area	24.8 ± 9.9	31.0 ± 14.8	28.8 ± 12.2	0.206
Lip-closing force	7.3 ± 2.5	7.6 ± 2.4	8.7 ± 2.6	0.020*
Tongue pressure	28.9 ± 8.9	30.5 ± 8.4	34.4 ± 9.4	0.016*
Masticatory efficiency	141.4 ± 45.6	172.3 ± 59.3	182.8 ± 65.3	0.008*

*Comparison between mouth and nasal-breathers. Mann–Whitney U-test, p < 0.05.