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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Feb 16.
Published in final edited form as: J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2022 Jul 5;16(6):498–508. doi: 10.1016/j.jcct.2022.06.003

Table 3.

Multivariable-adjusted association between LV diastolic function indexes and CAC score.

CAC group Average e’ (cm/s)
Average E/e’ ratio
E/A ratio
LAVI
Effect size ± SE P value Effect size ± SE P value Effect size ± SE P value Effect size ± SE P value
CAC = 0 (n = 1251) reference reference
CAC >0 and ≤ 17.5 (n = 277) −0.33 ± 0.12 0.008 0.17 ± 0.14 0.23 −0.025 ± 0.026 0.35 0.84 ± 0.47 0.073
CAC >17.5 and ≤ 176 (n = 277) −0.44 ± 0.13 0.002 0.46 ± 0.15 0.003 –0.016 ± 0.029 0.59 0.32 ± 0.51 0.52
CAC >176 (n = 277) −0.52 ± 0.15 <0.0001 0.86 ± 0.17 <0.0001 −0.030 ± 0.032 0.36 0.21 ± 0.57 0.72

The subgrouping of individuals with CAC >0 was based on CAC tertile limits. Effect sizes were adjusted for clinical correlates identified in stepwise linear regression. The co-variables included for e’ included age, age,2 Asian or Black race, body height and weight, pulse pressure, use of beta blockers, HbA1C, and triglycerides. For E/e’, these included age,2 female sex, Asian or Black race, body height and weight, pulse pressure, use of diuretics, HbA1C and total cholesterol. For E/A ratio, the co-variables included age, age,2 Asian race, body height and weight, use of ACE inhibitors, cardiovascular disease, HbA1C, LDL-C and triglycerides. For LAVI, the co-variables included age,2 Black race, pulse pressure, heart rate, use of beta blockers, use of diuretics, cardiovascular disease, COPD, HbA1C, and eGFR. CAC, coronary artery calcium; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LAVI, left atrial volume index; SE, standard error.