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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurolinguistics. 2023 Dec 30;70:101190. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroling.2023.101190

Table 4.

Mean Correct Imitation of Sentences with Adverbial Subordinate Clauses (Table 1): across Healthy Young, Healthy Aging and aMCI. (SE in parentheses.)1

Healthy Young:
0.802 (0.095) 		+SP:
0.879 (0.100) 		Right Branching:
0.879 (0.109) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.800 (0.124)
0.958 (0.124)
Left Branching:
0.879 (0.109) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.852 (0.124)
0.905 (0.124)
−SP:
0.725 (0.099) 		Right Branching:
0.700 (0.108) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.650 (0.123)
0.750 (0.123)
Left Branching:
0.750 (0.108) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.700 (0.123)
0.800 (0.123)
SP Conflated Right Branching:
0.789 (0.099) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.725 (0.108)
0.854 (0.108)
Left Branching:
0.814 (0.099) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.776 (0.108)
0.853 (0.108)
Healthy Aging:
0.632 (0.061) 		+SP:
0.708 (0.064) 		Right Branching:
0.792 (0.069) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.729 (0.079)
0.854 (0.079)
Left Branching:
0.625 (0.069) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.604 (0.079)
0.646 (0.079)
−SP:
0.555 (0.064) 		Right Branching:
0.577 (0.070) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.631 (0.080)
0.523 (0.080)
Left Branching:
0.534 (0.070) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.566 (0.080)
0.501 (0.080)
SP Conflated Right Branching:
0.684 (0.064) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.680 (0.070)
0.688 (0.070)
Left Branching:
0.579 (0.064) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.585 (0.070)
0.573 (0.070)
aMCI:
0.489 (0.064) 		+SP:
0.592 (0.067) 		Right Branching:
0.699 (0.073) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.580 (0.084)
0.818 (0.084)
Left Branching:
0.485 (0.073) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.509 (0.084)
0.461 (0.084)
−SP:
0.386 (0.067) 		Right Branching:
0.398 (0.073) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.386 (0.083)
0.409 (0.083)
Left Branching:
0.375 (0.073) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.455 (0.083)
0.296 (0.083)
SP Conflated Right Branching:
0.548 (0.067) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.483 (0.073)
0.614 (0.073)
Left Branching:
0.430 (0.067) 		Forward Pronoun
Backward Pronoun		 0.482 (0.073)
0.378 (0.073)
1

+SP=Semantically Plausible; −SP=Semantically Implausible