Table 4. Psychometric properties of spirituality/religiosity (S/R) instruments available for Portuguese language.

Name of scale	Number of items	Translation process	Cross-cultural adaptation	Internal consistency	Concurrent validity	Discriminative validity	Test-retest procedure
Francis Scale of Attitude Towards Christianity(P)	24	Yes	Yes	0.96	No	No	No
Strayhorn, Weidman and Larson Religious Scale (B)	9	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
Moschella Religious Scale (B)	34	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
Private and Social Religious Practice Scale (B)	10	Yes	Yes	N/A	No	No	No
Intrinsic Religious Motivation Scale (B)	12	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
Spiritual/Religious Coping Scale (B)	87	Yes	Yes	0.97	Yes	Yes	No
Pinto and Pais-Ribeiro’s Spirituality Scale (P)	5	N/A	N/A	0.74	Yes	Yes	No
Brief Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith (P)	5	Yes	Yes	0.93	Yes	No	No
FACIT-Sp 12 (B)	12	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
Spiritual Well-Being Scale (B)	20	Yes	Yes	0.92	No	No	No
Spirituality Self-Rating Scale (B)	6	Yes	Yes	0.83	No	Yes	No
Aquino’s Religiousness/Spirituality Attitude (B)	15	N/A	N/A	0.87	Yes	Yes	No
Duke Religion Index (B)*	5	Yes	Yes	0.75	Yes*	Yes	Yes*
Pinto and Pais-Ribeiro’s Spirituality Scale (B)	5	N/A	Yes	0.64	No	No	No
WHOQOL-SRPB (B)	32	Yes	Yes	0.96	Yes	Yes	Yes
Self-reported Religiosity (B)	1	Yes	Yes	N/A	No	No	No
WHOQOL-100 - SRPB questions (B)	4	Yes	Yes	0.84	Yes	Yes	Yes
Brief Spiritual/Religious Coping Scale (B)	49	Yes	Yes	0.93	Yes	Yes	No
Inspirit-R (B)	7	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (B)	16	Yes	Yes	0.91	No	No	No
Intrinsic Religiousness Inventory (B)	10	N/A	N/A	0.96	Yes	Yes	Yes

N/A = not applicable; P = validated for Portugal; B = validated for Brazil. *Recently, a study showed good concurrent analysis and test-retest reliability relating to the Duke Religion Index was published. Since this study was accepted for publication after November 2011, it was not included in our systematic searches but we decided to report its findings here.⁴²