. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Feb 16.

Published in final edited form as: Addiction. 2023 Sep 19;119(1):113–124. doi: 10.1111/add.16330

Table 1 –

Summary of demographics per group and study.

Dataset	Group	N	Age (mean, sd)	Age range	Females	stats	sig
PING	Cases	50	18.1 ± 1.97	14 – 21	26 (52%)	t = 0.85 X² = 0	p = 0.40 p=l
	Controls	350	17.8 ± 2.03	14 – 21	182 (52%)	t = 0.85 X² = 0	p = 0.40 p=l
NCANDA	Cases	68	19.53 ± 0.99	17.5 – 21.6	30 (44.1%)	t = 1.53 X² = 0	p = 0.13 p = 0.78
	Controls	204	19.32 ± 0.97	17.4 – 21.9	96 (47.1%)	t = 1.53 X² = 0	p = 0.13 p = 0.78
HCP	Cases	61	28.8 ± 3.33	23 – 36	34 (55.7%)	t = −0.20 X² = 0.14	p = 0.84 p = 0.71
	Controls	314	28.9 ± 3.84	22 – 37	186 (59.2%)	t = −0.20 X² = 0.14	p = 0.84 p = 0.71
POOLED	Cases	179	22.3 ± 5.26	14 – 36	90 (50%)	t = 0.24 X² = 0.48	p = 0.81 p = 0.49
	Controls	868	22.2 ± 5.77	14 – 37	464 (53.5%)	t = 0.24 X² = 0.48	p = 0.81 p = 0.49

Note: t-student is for age (continuous) and X² for sex (categorical) comparisons