Table.

Results of MR analyses of COVID-19 on global cortical and combined hemispheric subcortical structures

Outcome	MR method	COVID-19 infection (#SNPs: 16)				COVID-19 severity (#SNPs:30)
		MR P	Beta (95% CI)	Q P	Egger P	MR P	Beta (95% CI)	Q P	Egger P
Global cortical brain structure
	IVW	0.46	0.003(−0.006,0.012)	0.97		0.26	0.001(−0.001,0.004)	0.99
thickness	Weighted median	0.19	0.008(−0.004,0.019)			0.68	0.001(−0.003,0.004)
	MR Egger	0.7	−0.009(−0.052,0.034)	0.96	0.59	0.43	0.002(−0.003,0.008)	0.99	0.73
	IVW	0.37	628.9(−731.9,1989.7)	1		0.7	−71.8(−442.4,298.9)	0.86
Surface	Weighted median	0.42	672.5(−974.2,2319.3)			0.86	−47.8(−582.3,486.8)
area	MR Egger	0.75	−994.0(−6878.8,4890.7)	1	0.6	0.21	−555.1(−1392.0,281.9)	0.9	0.22
Combined hemispheric subcortical structures
	IVW	0.91	0.005(−0.077,0.086)	0.99		0.48	0.01(−0.018,0.039)	1
accumbens	Weighted median	0.93	0.005(−0.098,0.107)			0.61	0.01(−0.028,0.048)
	MR Egger	0.8	−0.027(−0.227,0.172)	0.99	0.74	0.95	0.002(−0.059,0.063)	0.99	0.77
	IVW	0.61	0.021(−0.061,0.103)	0.96		0.58	0.007(−0.018,0.033)	0.95
amygdala	Weighted median	0.62	0.027(−0.079,0.132)			0.17	0.024(−0.011,0.06)
	MR Egger	0.56	0.067(−0.148,0.282)	0.94	0.67	0.82	0.007(−0.051,0.065)	0.93	0.99
	IVW	0.87	−0.007(−0.094,0.08)	0.98		0.74	0.006(−0.027,0.038)	0.97
brainstem	Weighted median	0.51	−0.038(−0.15,0.075)			0.74	−0.007(−0.05,0.035)
	MR Egger	0.79	−0.033(−0.265,0.198)	0.97	0.82	0.48	−0.026(−0.094,0.043)	0.98	0.33
	IVW	0.73	0.015(−0.07,0.1)	0.99		0.86	−0.002(−0.027,0.023)	0.9
caudate	Weighted median	0.74	0.018(−0.086,0.121)			0.9	0.002(−0.033,0.038)
	MR Esser	0.93	−0.01(−0.225,0.205)	0.97	0.81	0.92	0.003(−0.056,0.062)	0.86	0.85
	IVW	0.27	−0.045(−0.125,0.035)	0.98		0.64	−0.006(−0.032,0.02)	1
pallidum	Weighted median	0.18	−0.069(−0.169,0.031)			0.33	−0.017(−0.053,0.018)
	MR Egger	0.23	−0.138(−0.346,0.07)	1	0.37	0.33	−0.029(−0.086,0.028)	1	0.39
	IVW	0.49	0.027(−0.051,0.105)	0.98		0.9	0.002(−0.025,0.029)	0.97
putamen	Weighted median	0.62	0.024(−0.073,0.122)			0.68	0.008(−0.029,0.044)
	MR Egger	0.66	0.052(−0.165,0.268)	0.96	0.82	0.5	0.022(−0.039,0.083)	0.96	0.48
	IVW	0.76	0.011(−0.062,0.085)	0.99		0.71	0.005(−0.021,0.031)	1
thalamus	Weighted median	0.51	0.031(−0.061,0.123)			0.57	0.01(−0.024,0.043)
	MR Egger	0.72	0.037(−0.16,0.235)	0.98	0.79	0.79	0.008(−0.052,0.068)	0.99	0.9