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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Feb 15.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Res. 2023 Nov 28;243:117785. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117785

Table 3.

Odds ratiosa (OR) of practicing main recreational physical activities based on selected land characteristics based on a 500 m buffer among Sister Study participants by area of residency at baseline

Land cover
characteristic
Walking
OR
(95% CI)
Exerciseb
OR
(95% CI)
Sports
OR
(95% CI)
Bicycling
OR
(95% CI)
Running
OR
(95% CI)
Gardening
OR
(95% CI)
Urban / Suburban areas

G1
Lowest tertile 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Middle tertile 1.12 (1.06,1.18) 1.07 (1.02,1.13) 1.04 (0.95,1.13) 0.85 (0.77,0.95) 1.01 (0.90,1.13) 1.15 (0.95,1.40)
Upper tertile G2 1.04 (0.98,1.11) 1.13 (1.06,1.20) 1.24 (1.12,1.37) 0.73 (0.65,0.83) 1.084 (0.95,1.23)) 1.33 (1.07,1.65)
Lowest tertile 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Middle tertile 1.10 (1.04,1.17) 1.06 (1.00,1.12) 1.23 (1.12,1.35) 0.97 (0.87,1.08) 1.04 (0.92,1.17) 1.11 (0.91,1.36)
Upper tertile Impervious 1.14 (1.07,1.22) 1.22 (1.14,1.30) 1.42 (1.28,1.57) 0.78 (0.68,0.88) 1.26 (1.10,1.43) 1.33 (1.07,1.66)
Lowest tertile 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Middle tertile 0.98 (0.91,1.06) 0.96 (0.89,1.03) 0.86 (0.78,0.96) 1.02 (0.89,1.18) 0.88 (0.76,1.01) 0.91 (0.71,1.16)
Upper tertile 0.93 (0.86,1.00) 0.84 (0.78,0.90) 0.69 (0.61,0.77) 1.05 (0.91,1.22) 0.79 (0.68,0.92) 0.79 (0.61,1.02)

Rural areas / Small towns

G1
Lowest tertile 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Middle tertile 0.96 (0.88,1.05) 1.05 (0.97,1.14) 0.92 (0.80,1.05) 0.74 (0.63,0.86) 1.20 (0.97,1.49) 1.01 (0.78,1.30)
Upper tertile 0.99 (0.91,1.07) 1.05 (0.97,1.13) 0.95 (0.84,1.08) 0.65 (0.57,0.75) 1.36 (1.12,1.66) 1.33 (1.06,1.67)
G2
Lowest tertile 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Middle tertile 1.06 (0.98,1.15) 1.10 (1.02,1.20) 1.18 (1.04,1.35) 0.86 (0.74,0.99) 1.19 (0.97,1.44) 1.08 (0.85,1.36)
Upper tertile 1.09 (1.01,1.18) 1.17 (1.08,1.26) 1.22 (1.08,1.39) 0.78 (0.68,0.90) 1.32 (1.09,1.59) 1.30 (1.04,1.62)
Impervious Lowest tertile 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Middle tertile 1.05 (0.98,1.12) 1.14 (1.06,1.22) 0.99 (0.89,1.10) 1.19 (1.05,1.35) 1.07 (0.91,1.24) 0.70 (0.57,0.85)
Upper tertile 1.01 (0.93,1.10) 1.01 (0.93,1.10) 0.93 (0.81,1.07) 1.24 (1.06,1.45) 0.88 (0.71,1.08) 0.53 (0.40,0.69)
a

Those who report practicing each physical activity (Yes , 1, No , 0). Odds ratio adjusted for age, ethnicity, marital status, population of census tract, and census area. n G1 lowest = 16598, Middle = 16521, Upper = 16528; G2 lowest = 16561, Middle = 16550, Upper = 16536; impervious lowest = 16459, Middle = 16459, Upper = 16459.

b

Conditioning exercise