Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics for Randomized Participants Endorsing Pain at Baseline
| Total (N = 93) |
CBT-I (N = 48) |
ABC-I (N = 45) |
Sig. Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 46.7 (12.7) | 45.0 (12.5) | 48.6 (12.7) | NS |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| African American | 31 (33.3%) | 21 (67.7%) | 10 (32.3%) | p = .03 |
| American Indian /Alaska Native | 6 (6.4%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (100%) | p = .01 |
| Asian | 4 (4.3%) | 2 (50.0%) | 2 (50.0%) | NS |
| Hispanic | 23 (24.7%) | 11 (47.8%) | 12 (52.2%) | NS |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 2 (2.2%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (100%) | NS |
| Other | 5 (5.4%) | 1 (20.0%) | 4 (80.0%) | NS |
| White | 38 (40.9%) | 15 (39.5%) | 23 (60.5%) | NS |
| Employment Status | ||||
| Employed for wages | 43 (46.2%) | 22 (51.2%) | 21 (48.8%) | NS |
| Unable to work | 11 (11.8%) | 5 (45.4%) | 6 (54.5%) | NS |
| Unemployed | 3 (9.7%) | 1 (33.3%) | 2 (66.6%) | NS |
| Retired | 15 (16.1%) | 7 (46.7%) | 8 (53.3%) | NS |
| Student | 8 (8.6%) | 6 (75.0%) | 2 (25.0%) | NS |
| Homemaker | 4 (4.3%) | 2 (50.0%) | 2 (50.0%) | NS |
| Sleep | ||||
| PSQI Total Score | 11.2 (3.7) | 11.9 (3.7) | 10.5 (3.6) | NS |
| ISI Total Score | 15.2 (4.9) | 16.0 (5.0) | 14.4 (4.8) | NS |
| Pain | ||||
| BPI-Pain Intensity | 4.9 (1.8) | 4.8 (1.8) | 5.0 (1.8) | NS |
| BPI-Pain Interference | 5.1 (2.5) | 5.2 (2.5) | 5.0 (2.6) | NS |
| Chronic Back Pain | 60 (64.5%) | 33 (55.0%) | 27 (45.0%) | NS |
| Arthritis | 55 (59.1%) | 30 (54.5%) | 25 (45.5%) | NS |
| Chronic Headaches | 48 (51.2%) | 23 (47.9%) | 25 (52.1%) | NS |
| Mental Health | ||||
| PHQ-9 | 10.7 (5.3) | 10.81 (5.0) | 10.6 (5.7) | N S |
| GAD-7 | 10.1 (5.7) | 11.7 (5.1) | 8.5 (5.9) | p = .01 |
| PCL-5 | 27.7 (22.1) | 28.7 (21.1) | 26.7 (23.3) | NS |
| General Health | ||||
| BMI | 29.8 (11.2) | 31.7 (14.3) | 27.8 (6.1) | N S |
| Comorbidity Index Total | 5.8 (2.9) | 5.4 (2.8) | 6.2 (3.0) | NS |
| Treatment Mechanisms | ||||
| DBAS-10 | 63.2 (17.2) | 64.2 (16.2) | 62.3 (16.2) | NS |
| AAQ-II | 25.8 (11.1) | 25.0 (9.8) | 26.6 (12.5) | NS |
Note. Age measured in years. Significance difference is between the CBT-I and ABC-I groups. NS = not significant. AAQ-II = Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II, AHI = Apnea-Hypopnea Index, BPI = Brief Pain Inventory, BMI = Body Mass Index, DBAS-10 = Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep-10, ESS = Epworth Sleepiness Scale, GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, ISI = Insomnia Severity Index, PCL-5 = PTSD Checklist for the DSM-5, PHQ-9= Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PSQI = Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.