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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Cancer. 2023 Nov 15;154(7):1174–1190. doi: 10.1002/ijc.34794

Table 2.

BMI and biliary tract cancer mortality

BMI Cases HR1 95% CI trend-p HR2 95% CI trend-p HR3 95% CI trend-p
Biliary tract cancer
Males 0.001 0.001 0.001
 <18.5 57 0.87 (0.66 -1.14) 0.87 (0.66 -1.14) 0.79 (0.59 -1.07)
 18.5– <23 513 Reference Reference Reference
 23≤ <25 270 1.06 (0.92 -1.23) 1.06 (0.91 -1.23) 1.05 (0.90 -1.22)
 ≥25 275 1.19 (1.02 -1.38) 1.19 (1.02 -1.38) 1.17 (1.00 -1.37)
Females <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
 <18.5 83 0.95 (0.75 -1.21) 0.95 (0.75 -1.21) 0.97 (0.76 -1.23)
 18.5– <23 484 Reference Reference Reference
 23≤ <25 275 1.16 (1.00 -1.35) 1.16 (1.00 -1.35) 1.18 (1.01 -1.38)
 ≥25 396 1.30 (1.14 -1.50) 1.30 (1.14 -1.49) 1.32 (1.14 -1.52)
 Interaction 0.939 0.968 0.859
Total biliary tract cancer
Males 0.001 0.001 0.001
 <18.5 47 0.85 (0.63 -1.15) 0.85 (0.63 -1.15) 0.77 (0.55 -1.06)
 18.5– <23 478 Reference Reference Reference
 23≤ <25 250 1.04 (0.89 -1.21) 1.04 (0.89 -1.21) 1.05 (0.89 -1.23)
 ≥25 246 1.16 (0.99 -1.36) 1.16 (0.99 -1.35) 1.15 (0.98 -1.35)
Females <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
 <18.5 78 1.01 (0.79 -1.29) 1.01 (0.79 -1.30) 1.02 (0.79 -1.31)
 18.5– <23 430 Reference Reference Reference
 23≤ <25 236 1.15 (0.98 -1.35) 1.15 (0.98 -1.35) 1.16 (0.98 -1.36)
 ≥25 327 1.33 (1.15 -1.54) 1.32 (1.14 -1.53) 1.33 (1.15 -1.55)
 Interaction 0.805 0.843 0.688
Intrahepatic bile duct
Males 0.228 0.249 0.125
 <18.5 5 0.64 (0.26 -1.59) 0.64 (0.26 -1.60) 0.71 (0.29 -1.78)
 18.5– <23 82 Reference Reference Reference
 23≤ <25 34 0.74 (0.50 -1.11) 0.74 (0.49 -1.11) 0.80 (0.53 -1.21)
 ≥25 48 1.11 (0.77 -1.60) 1.10 (0.77 -1.59) 1.19 (0.82 -1.72)
Females 0.041 0.027 0.028
 <18.5 5 0.87 (0.34 -2.22) 0.87 (0.34 -2.21) 0.87 (0.34 -2.21)
 18.5– <23 43 Reference Reference Reference
 23≤ <25 25 1.09 (0.66 -1.79) 1.10 (0.67 -1.81) 1.06 (0.64 -1.75)
 ≥25 43 1.52 (0.99 -2.34) 1.57 (1.02 -2.40) 1.57 (1.02 -2.41)
 Interaction 0.664 0.686 0.724
Gallbladder
Males 0.407 0.385 0.645
 <18.5 20 1.17 (0.72 -1.89) 1.16 (0.72 -1.89) 1.08 (0.64 -1.83)
 18.5– <23 128 Reference Reference Reference
 23≤ <25 61 0.99 (0.73 -1.34) 0.99 (0.72 -1.34) 1.03 (0.75 -1.41)
 ≥25 48 0.88 (0.63 -1.24) 0.88 (0.62 -1.23) 0.90 (0.63 -1.27)
Females 0.010 0.011 0.017
 <18.5 35 0.97 (0.67 -1.40) 0.97 (0.67 -1.40) 0.91 (0.62 -1.34)
 18.5– <23 190 Reference Reference Reference
 23≤ <25 96 1.08 (0.84 -1.38) 1.08 (0.84 -1.38) 1.03 (0.80 -1.34)
 ≥25 140 1.30 (1.04 -1.62) 1.29 (1.03 -1.61) 1.26 (1.00 -1.59)
 Interaction 0.082 0.084 0.116
Extrahepatic bile duct
Males <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
 <18.5 26 0.78 (0.52 -1.18) 0.78 (0.52 -1.17) 0.68 (0.44 -1.05)
 18.5– <23 281 Reference Reference Reference
 23≤ <25 166 1.18 (0.97 -1.43) 1.17 (0.97 -1.42) 1.14 (0.94 -1.39)
 ≥25 166 1.33 (1.09 -1.62) 1.33 (1.09 -1.62) 1.28 (1.04 -1.56)
Females 0.012 0.014 0.009
 <18.5 42 1.08 (0.77 -1.50) 1.08 (0.77 -1.51) 1.14 (0.81 -1.60)
 18.5– <23 215 Reference Reference Reference
 23≤ <25 127 1.26 (1.01 -1.58) 1.26 (1.01 -1.58) 1.31 (1.05 -1.65)
 ≥25 161 1.32 (1.07 -1.63) 1.32 (1.07 -1.63) 1.36 (1.10 -1.69)
 Interaction 0.356 0.336 0.527

HR1, Adjusted for age; HR2, Adjusted for age, education, population density, marriage status, past history of CHD, stroke, DM, hypertension, smoking status and alchol drinking status.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio