Table 3.
Association of Newborns’ Oral Low-Risk and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Presence With Their Mothers’ and Fathers’ Corresponding Low-Risk and High-Risk HPV Presence at Specific Anatomic Sites Among Family Members of the Finnish Family HPV Study
| Parent and Site | Newborns’ Oral HPV Prevalence at Birth | Univariable Model | Adjusted Modela | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HPV Negative (n = 247) |
LR-HPVb (n = 12) |
HR-HPVb (n = 62) |
LR-HPVb | HR-HPVb | LR-HPVb | HR-HPVb | |
| No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
| Mother | |||||||
| Negative | 184 (74.5) | 5 (41.7) | 32 (51.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Oral | 23 (9.3) | 3 (25.0) | 17 (27.4) | 4.80 (1.08–21.4) | 4.25 (2.05–8.83) | 7.12 (1.44–35.1) | 4.87 (2.29–10.4) |
| Genital | 36 (14.6) | 2 (16.7) | 7 (11.3) | 2.04 (.38–11.0) | 1.12 (.46–2.73) | 2.76 (.48–15.7) | 1.16 (.47–2.90) |
| Multiple sites | 4 (1.6) | 2 (16.7) | 6 (9.7) | 18.4 (2.71–126) | 8.63 (2.30–32.3) | 10.4 (1.30–82.9) | 8.28 (2.12–32.3) |
| Father | |||||||
| Negative | 60 (24.3) | 3 (25.0) | 10 (16.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Oral | 7 (2.8) | 1 (8.3) | 7 (11.3) | 2.86 (.26–31.3) | 6.00 (1.73–20.8) | 3.89 (.33–45.9) | 7.72 (2.10–28.3) |
| Genital | 9 (3.6) | 3 (25.0) | 3 (4.8) | 6.67 (1.16–38.2) | 2.00 (.46–8.68) | 7.93 (1.12–56.1) | 2.10 (.43–10.2) |
| Semen | 12 (4.9) | 0 | 2 (3.2) | … | 1.00 (.19–5.15) | … | 1.29 (.24–6.98) |
| Multiple sites | 14 (5.7) | 0 | 3 (4.8) | … | 1.29 (.31–5.29) | … | 1.34 (.30–5.87) |
| Unknown | 145 (58.7) | 5 (4.7) | 37 (59.7) | 0.69 (.16–2.98) | 1.53 (.72–3.28) | 0.72 (.17–3.29) | 1.63 (.74–3.63) |
Newborns’ (n = 321) oral HPV prevalence at birth is shown with their mothers’ and fathers’ baseline HPV status at specific anatomic sites. Associations of newborns' oral LR- and HR-HPV presence with their mothers' and fathers' corresponding LR- and HR-HPV presence at specific anatomic sites were calculated by using univariable and another-parent adjusted multinomial logistic regression analyses. Results are shown by ORs and another-parent aORs with 95% CIs. Reference category for HPV positive was HPV negative. Statistically significant results (P < .05) are shown in bold.
Abbreviations: aOR, another-parent adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; HPV, human papillomavirus; HR, high-risk; LR, low-risk; OR, odds ratio.
aMothers' HPV adjusted by fathers' HPV and vice versa.
bLR-HPV genotypes: 6, 11, 42, 43, 44; HR-HPV genotypes: 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 70, 73, 82.