Table 4.
Association of Newborns' Genital Low-Risk and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Presence With Their Mothers' and Fathers' Corresponding Low-Risk and High-Risk HPV Presence at Specific Anatomic Sites Among the Family Members of the Finnish Family HPV Study
| Parent and Sites | Newborns' Genital HPV Prevalence at Birth | Univariable Model | Adjusted Modela | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HPV Negative (n = 289) |
LR-HPVb (n = 3) |
HR-HPVb (n = 29) |
LR-HPVb | HR-HPVb | LR-HPVb | HR-HPVb | |
| No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
| Mother | |||||||
| Negative | 204 (70.6) | 0 | 17 (58.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Oral | 41 (14.2) | 0 | 2 (6.9) | 0.59 (.13–2.63) | 0.63 (.14–2.87) | ||
| Genital | 34 (11.8) | 2 (66.7) | 9 (31.0) | 3.18 (1.31–7.70) | 3.34 (1.35–8.30) | ||
| Multiple sites | 10 (3.5) | 1 (33.3) | 1 (3.4) | 1.20 (.14–9.94) | 1.06 (.12–9.18) | ||
| Father | |||||||
| Negative | 66 (22.8) | 0 | 7 (24.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Oral | 13 (4.5) | 1 (33.3) | 1 (3.4) | 0.73 (.08–6.40) | 0.74 (.08–6.71) | ||
| Genital | 12 (4.2) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (6.9) | 1.57 (.29–8.50) | 1.70 (.30–9.67) | ||
| Semen | 11 (3.8) | 0 | 3 (10.3) | 2.57 (.58–11.5) | 2.03 (.43–9.55) | ||
| Multiple sites | 17 (5.9) | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Unknown | 170 (58.8) | 1 (33.3) | 16 (55.2) | 0.89 (.35–2.56) | 0.87 (.34–2.24) | ||
Newborns' (n = 321) genital HPV prevalence at birth is shown with their mothers' and fathers' baseline HPV status at specific anatomic sites. Associations of newborns' genital LR- and HR-HPV presence with their mothers' and fathers' corresponding LR- and HR-HPV presence at specific anatomic sites were calculated by using univariable and another-parent adjusted multinomial logistic regression analyses. Results are shown by ORs and another-parent aORs with 95% CIs. Reference category for HPV positive was HPV negative. Statistically significant results (P < .05) are shown in bold.
Abbreviations: aOR, another-parent adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; HPV, human papillomavirus; HR, high-risk; LR, low-risk; OR, odds ratio.
aMothers' HPV adjusted by fathers' HPV and vice versa.
bLR-HPV genotypes: 6, 11, 42, 43, 44; HR-HPV genotypes: 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 70, 73, 82.