Skip to main content
. 2024 Feb 16;7:195. doi: 10.1038/s42003-024-05860-z

Fig. 1. Ketogenic diet and BHB prevent LTP impairments in APP/PS1 mice.

Fig. 1

a HFS-induced LTP was impaired in slices from 13-month-old male (n = 4) and female (n = 4) APP/PS1 mice, compared with slices from wild-type mice (n = 6). In KD-treated APP/PS1 slices, HFS included LTP similar to wild-type (n = 3 male and 3 female). b Cumulative data showing mean fEPSP slopes 3 min (early phase) or 50–60 min (late phase) post-HFS. c Blood β-hydroxybutyrate was significantly increased in both males and females in the KD versus CD groups in the fed state (measured 3 h after feeding). Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc tests shows significant differences between diet treatments (F(1,56) = 70.96, p < 0.001). d Blood β-hydroxybutyrate levels were significantly increased in female mice in the KD versus CD groups following a 12-h overnight fast (n = 13–16 per group). Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc tests shows significant differences between diet treatments (F(1,56) = 10.14, p = 0.0024) and between genders (F(1,56) = 12.44, p = 0.0008). e BHB-treated APP/PS1 slices show increased LTP compared to vehicle-treated APP/PS1 slice (n = 2 male and 2 female). f Cumulative data showing mean fEPSP slopes 3 min (early phase) or 50–60 min (late phase) post-HFS. Data are presented as median ± interquartile range. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 15.51 and p < 0.001 for early phase. Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 22.68 and p < 0.001 for the late phase. Data for BHB experiments are presented as mean ± SEM *p < 0.05, unpaired t-test.