Table 1.

Some investigated microbial fuel cells of different sizes.

Anode volume (L)	Structure of MFC	type of action	Andes type	Cathode type	Cathode catalyst material	Type of incoming effluent	Input rate COD (kg/m^3(day))	Removal percentage COD(%)	power per unit area of the cathode)mW. m−2 (	Power per unit volume)mW.m−2 (	Reference
2.9	Cylindrical multi-anode-cathode	Closed and continuous	Carbon cloth a and Carbon cloth b	Carbon cloth	Pt	Domestic wastewater	4.55	75 $\pm$%21	28/87	55/2	[10]
1.5	Cylindrical single chamber, multi-anode-cathode	closed	Graphite rod and carbon cloth	Carbon cloth	Pt	Domestic wastewater	–	$80\pm 8\%$	229	2/1	[11]
20	Cylindrical single chamber, multi-anode-cathode	Continuous	Graphite rod and Carbon cloth	Carbon cloth	Pt,Cu–MnO2 orCo-MnO2	Domestic wastewater	0.66۰ 0.19	$80\pm 8\%$	1200	0.9	[12]
5.7	Single-chamber, multi-anode-cathode	Continuous	Graphite felt	Carbon cloth	Pt	Domestic wastewater	0.43_0.32	%(65–80)	149	0/53	[13]
1.47	Cylindrical single chamber air cathode	Continuous	Graphite felt	Carbon cloth	MnO2	Swine wastewater c	1.2_4.9	%83.3	3.226	14/38	[14]
10	Cylindrical single chamber air cathode	Continuous	Graphite felt	Carbon cloth	MnO2	Malt wastewater	1.06	%87.1	0.097	6	[15]
2	Air cathode single chamber stack	Continuous	carbon brush d	Carbon cloth	Pt and activated carbon	Domestic wastewater	$0.55\pm 0.36$	%68.3	$4.71\pm 3.94$	$0.37\mathsf{\pm }۰0.31$	[16]
4	Cylindrical single chamber air cathode	Continuous	carbon brush	Carbon cloth	Activated carbon with and without Pt	Domestic wastewater	$0.6\pm 0.31$	%(65–70)	$14.61\pm 11.69$	$1.14\pm 0.92$	[17]
1000	Special mode stack	Continuous	carbon brush	Carbon cloth	Pt	Domestic wastewater	0.014	$79\pm \%7$	14.5	0.116	[18]
90	Single chamber multi-anode-cathode stack	Continuous	carbon brush	Do not rust steel mesh	Activated carbon	Malt wastewater	0. 27and 0.55	%87.6	$159\pm 7.4$	$1\mathsf{\pm }۰0.05$	[19]
96	Air cathode cylindrical stack	Continuous	carbon brush	Carbon cloth	Activated carbon	Domestic wastewater	$0.31\pm 0.08$	%78.8	17.25	1.35	[20]
1.4	Air cathode single chamber	Closed and continuous	carbon brush	Do not rust steel mesh	Activated carbon	Domestic wastewater	$14.40\pm 0.75$	$57\pm \%5$	$1100\pm 10$	$32\pm 0.3$	[21]
192	Air cathode cylindrical stack	Continuous	carbon brush	Carbon cloth	Activated carbon	Domestic wastewater	0.31	%37.6	10.74	0.84	[22]
18.8	Cylindrical stack with air cathode	Continuous	carbon brush	Carbon cloth	–	Malt wastewater	0.39_0.18	%94.5	1.61	0.44	[23]
1.6	Air cathode single chamber	closed	Graphite fiber with titanium core	Carbon cloth	Pt	Domestic wastewater	–	–	–	6.8	[23]
7.5	Two compartment stack	Continuous	carbon brush	Carbon cloth	Pt and activated carbon	Domestic wastewater	0.31	83 $\pm$ 14%	–	2–10	[24]
20	Two compartment stack	Continuous	Carbon cloth	Carbon cloth	Pt	Domestic wastewater	–	–	–	11	[25]
1	Cylindrical stack with air cathode	Continuous	Carbon cloth	Carbon cloth	Pt	Domestic wastewater	0.34	43%	–	6/5	[26]
50	Two compartment stack	closed	Carbon brush	Carbon cloth	Pt and activated carbon	Domestic wastewater	0.79	95%	–	43.7_38.2	[27]
72	Special mode stack - multi-anode and cathode	Closed and continuous	Granular carbon with a titanium core	Carbon cloth	–	Domestic wastewater	1.3_5.2	87 $\pm$%10	44–59	25.6–42.1	[28]
1	Multi anode stack with a single chamber air cathode	Continuous	Carbon brush	Carbon cloth	Pt and activated carbon	Domestic wastewater	–	–	96_ 318	3.2–10.6	[29]
1000	Multiple anodes and cathodes	stack	Activated carbon	Activated carbon	–	Municipal sewage	–	%(70–90)	0.42_3.64	7–60	[30]
1000	Multiple anodes and cathodes	stack	Activated carbon	Activated carbon	–	Municipal wastewater	–	%(80–90)	7.58	125	[30]
0.5	two compartment MFC	closed	carbon cloth	carbon cloth	–	Vegetable oil industry wastewater	–	%80-90	6119	–	[31]

^aCarbon cloth.

^bGraphite rod.

^cSwine wastewater.

^dcarbon brush.