TABLE 3.
Response parameters of microbial activity along the gastrointestinal tracts of piglets fed experimental diets for 2 weeks
| Parameter or segment of gastrointestinal tract | Value for indicated treatmenta
|
SEM | Effect of treatment (P value)
|
Interaction (P value) of Zn and Cu | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 ppm Zn
|
2,500 ppm Zn
|
|||||||
| 0 ppm Cu | 175 ppm Cu | 0 ppm Cu | 175 ppm Cu | Zn | Cu | |||
| SCFA concn (μmol/g wet digesta) | ||||||||
| Stomach | 31.1 | 18.3 | 10.4 | 8.1 | 4.4 | <0.01 | 0.11 | 0.25 |
| Distal small intestine | 11.2 | 8.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 1.2 | 0.03 | 0.47 | 0.14 |
| Cecum | 134.9 | 124.3 | 57.4 | 100.0 | 14.4 | <0.01 | 0.29 | 0.09 |
| Mid-colon | 121.0 | 123.8 | 57.0 | 88.3 | 15.1 | <0.01 | 0.28 | 0.37 |
| Lactic acid concn (μmol/g wet digesta) | ||||||||
| Stomach | 40.5 | 50.4 | 19.5 | 16.2 | 6.5 | <0.001 | 0.63 | 0.34 |
| Distal small intestine | 51.1 | 60.1 | 7.8 | 14.8 | 5.6 | <0.0001 | 0.18 | 0.87 |
| Cecum | 2.8 | 5.0 | 33.8 | 10.0 | 6.7 | 0.02 | 0.13 | 0.07 |
| Mid-colon | 0.3 | 0.4 | 19.9 | 8.3 | 4.5 | <0.01 | 0.23 | 0.23 |
| Succinic acid concn (μmol/g wet digesta) | ||||||||
| Stomach | 2.1b,c | 3.5b | 2.2b,c | 1.2c | 0.5 | 0.05 | 0.70 | 0.04 |
| Distal small intestine | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.05 | 0.94 | 0.69 |
| Cecum | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.2 | 2.9 | 1.6 | <0.01 | 0.20 | 0.19 |
| Mid-colon | 0.5 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 3.3 | 1.9 | 0.01 | 0.21 | 0.30 |
| Urease activity (μmol NH4+/g wet digesta/h) | ||||||||
| Stomach | ND | ND | ND | ND | ||||
| Distal small intestine | ND | ND | ND | ND | ||||
| Cecum | 376 | 294 | 170 | 186 | 82 | 0.11 | 0.72 | 0.60 |
| Mid-colon | 878 | 1,021 | 279 | 399 | 149 | <0.01 | 0.43 | 0.95 |
a
Data are presented as LSMeans (n = 8). For the control group (100 ppm Zn, 0 ppm Cu), n = 7. ND, not detectable. In cases of interactions between treatments (PZn×Cu < 0.05), significant differences (P < 0.05) between means of the same row are indicated by different superscripts (b or c).