Table 3.

Estimated number of participants (N), death proportion, median survival, and HR per SD decrease detectable with 80% power for each cancer site

Cancer	N	Death proportion	Median survival (months)	HRs detectable at estimated 80% power
				PD-1	PD-L1
Breast	93 869	0.083	64.871	HR ≥ 1.21 HR ≤ 0.83	HR ≥ 1.17 HR ≤ 0.86
Colorectal	19 154	0.238	38.471	HR ≥ 1.28 HR ≤ 0.78	HR ≥ 1.22 HR ≤ 0.82
Head and neck	10 196	0.331*	54.372	HR ≥ 1.34 HR ≤ 0.75	HR ≥ 1.26 HR ≤ 0.79
Lung	8670	0.599*	3.671	HR ≥ 1.27 HR ≤ 0.79	HR ≥ 1.21 HR ≤ 0.83
Melanoma	11 201	0.103	53.473	HR ≥ 1.63 HR ≤ 0.62	HR ≥ 1.50 HR ≤ 0.67
Ovarian	3395	0.552*	30.174	HR ≥ 1.48 HR ≤ 0.68	HR ≥ 1.37 HR ≤ 0.73
Prostate	24 023	0.146	62.471	HR ≥ 1.33 HR ≤ 0.75	HR ≥ 1.26 HR ≤ 0.79

HRs per standard deviation (SD) decrease estimated to be detected at 80% power calculated with the survSNP R package⁷⁵ (https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/survSNP/index.html) using the combined estimated sample size and death proportion from each cancer survival genome-wide association study (GWAS) and the respective Genomics England cancer survival GWAS, median survival and assuming a false positive rate of 0.05. Death proportion was defined as the proportion of cancer cases who died due to all-cause or cancer-specific mortality. Transformation of protein level measurements into normalised protein expression (NPX) units on a log₂ scale have been described previously.⁴³

*Death proportion due to all-cause mortality.