Table 9. Comparison of GC yields obtained with 5%Li/MCM-41 and other heterogeneous catalystsa.
| Feed glycerol | Catalyst | DMC: enriched glycerol (molar ratio) | Catalyst loading (wt% of enriched glycerol) | Temperature (°C) | Time (min) | GC yield (%) | Glycerol conversion (%) | Selectivity (%) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C-glycerol | LiNO3 | 2 : 1 | 5 | 95 | 240 | 15.16 | 15.81 | 95.89 | 40 |
| C-glycerol | 3Ca–La | 5 : 1 | 10.8 | 90 | 90 | 74.0 | 94.0 | 78.72 | 51 |
| C-glycerol | Hydrotalcites-Ni | 3 : 1 | 10 | 100 | 120 | 55.0 | Not reported | — | 52 |
| C-glycerol | 3 : 1 : 1 Mg/Zr/Sr | 5 : 1 | 15 | 90 | 90 | 56.0 | 96.0 | 58.33 | 53 |
| C-glycerol | MgO | 5 : 1 | 15 | 75 | 90 | 12.1 | 12.4 | 97.58 | 54 |
| Enriched glycerol | 5%Li/MCM-41 | 4.24 : 1 | 5.15 | 86 | 165 | 58.77 | 59.05 | 99.53 | This study |
a
Note: C-glycerol is commercial glycerol.