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. 2024 Feb 14;35:346–361. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.011

Fig. 7.

Fig. 7

Piezoelectric hydrogel promotes bone regeneration in periodontitis-periodontal defects. (A) Schematic diagram of the LPS and surgery-induced periodontitis defect model and treatment with the piezoelectric hydrogel. (B) Representative Micro-CT 3D construction images of bone repair after 4 weeks and 12 weeks post-surgery in the Blank group, GelMA group, GelMA + c-BTO group, and GelMA + t-BTO group. The red dotted frame denotes the defective area. (C) New bone volume (BV) analysis of the four groups at 4 weeks and 12 weeks. (D) Bone volume/total volume fraction (BV/TV) analysis of four groups at 4 w and 12 w. (E) Bone mineral density (BMD) analysis of the four groups at 4 weeks and 12 weeks. (F, G) H&E staining images of the four groups at 4 weeks (F) and 12 weeks (G). (a2-d2, 20 × ) Magnified images of the blue dashed region in (a1-d1, 2 × ), (a3-d3, 40 × ) Magnified images of the blue dashed region in (a2-d2, 40 × ). M: molar; NB: new bone. (H) Representative p-MLC immunohistochemistry images (80 × ) of the four groups at 4 weeks and 12 weeks. Red arrows point to the expressed p-MLC. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. Blank group at 4w and 12w. #p＜0.05, ##p＜0.01, ###p＜0.001 significant differences between groups. ^ p＜0.05 significant differences between 4 weeks and 12 weeks.