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. 2024 Feb 20;14:4138. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-53137-6

Table 3.

The variable importance from the Random Forest in predicting metabolic syndrome.

All participants Value Rank CVD undiagnosed Value Rank CVD diagnosed Value Rank
v030 BMI 0.1032 1 v030 BMI 0.1266 1 v030 BMI 0.1177 1
v090 Antihypertensive drug 0.0552 2 v005 Age 0.0453 2 v036 WBC counts (Thous/µL) 0.0459 2
v053 Hypertension 0.0499 3 v036 WBC counts (Thous/µL) 0.0353 3 v075 LDL 0.0379 3
v049 CVD 0.0453 4 v075 LDL 0.0330 4 v031 Total cholesterol (mg/dL) 0.0299 4
v005 Age 0.0437 5 v014 Subjective body image 0.0316 5 v091 Lipid-lowering agent 0.0274 5
v036 WBC counts (Thous/µL) 0.0297 6 v031 Total cholesterol (mg/dL) 0.0303 6 v037 RBC counts (Mil/µL) 0.0260 6
v075 LDL 0.0263 7 v037 RBC counts (Mil/µL) 0.0302 7 v041 Daily intake of fat (g) 0.0256 7
v076 Menstrual status 0.0247 8 v033 Hematocrit (%) 0.0263 8 v014 Subjective body image 0.0252 8
v091 Lipid-lowering agent 0.0237 9 v041 Daily intake of fat (g) 0.0255 9 v046 Daily intake of sodium (mg) 0.0250 9
v037 RBC counts (Mil/µL) 0.0231 10 v032 Hemoglobin (g/dL) 0.0251 10 v005 Age 0.0250 10
v031 Total cholesterol (mg/dL) 0.0229 11 v039 Daily intake of water (g) 0.0242 11 v043 Daily intake of calcium (mg) 0.0249 11
v014 Subjective body image 0.0221 12 v046 Daily intake of sodium (mg) 0.0239 12 v048 Daily intake of vitamin C (mg) 0.0246 12
v007 Education level 0.0214 13 v048 Daily intake of vitamin C (mg) 0.0237 13 v039 Daily intake of water (g) 0.0244 13
v041 Daily intake of fat (g) 0.0198 14 v082 BF durations (month) 0.0235 14 v042 Daily intake of carbohydrate (g) 0.0240 14
v033 Hematocrit (%) 0.0197 15 v035 Serum creatinine (mg/dL) 0.0233 15 v033 Hematocrit (%) 0.0236 15
v082 BF duration (month) 0.0191 16 v043 Daily intake of calcium (mg) 0.0231 16 v038 Daily intake of calories (kcal) 0.0234 16
v092 Drug treatment for glucose control 0.0190 17 v042 Daily intake of carbohydrate (g) 0.0230 17 v035 Serum creatinine (mg/dL) 0.0234 17
v032 Hemoglobin (g/dL) 0.0186 18 v045 Daily intake of iron (mg) 0.0227 18 v045 Daily intake of iron (mg) 0.0233 18
v039 Daily intake of water (g) 0.0186 19 v040 Daily intake of protein (g) 0.0223 19 v040 Daily intake of protein (g) 0.0231 19
v048 Daily intake of vitamin C (mg) 0.0184 20 v038 Daily intake of calories (kcal) 0.0222 20 v047 Daily intake of potassium (mg) 0.0231 20
v046 Daily intake of sodium (mg) 0.0183 21 v047 Daily intake of potassium (mg) 0.0222 21 v044 Daily intake of phosphorus (mg) 0.0228 21
v043 Daily intake of calcium (mg) 0.0181 22 v044 Daily intake of phosphorus (mg) 0.0218 22 v092 Drug treatment for glucose control 0.0225 22
v035 Serum creatinine (mg/dL) 0.0180 23 v007 Education level 0.0196 23 v032 Hemoglobin (g/dL) 0.0218 23
v042 Daily intake of carbohydrate (g) 0.0177 24 v034 Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) 0.0188 24 v034 Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) 0.0204 24
v045 Daily intake of iron (mg) 0.0173 25 v077 Age at menarche (years) 0.0170 25 v094 Oral hypoglycemic agents 0.0204 25
v047 Daily intake of potassium (mg) 0.0172 26 v083 Gravidity 0.0159 26 v082 BF durations (month) 0.0196 26
v040 Daily intake of protein (g) 0.0172 27 v076 Menstrual status 0.0158 27 v093 Insulin 0.0193 27
v038 Daily intake of calories (kcal) 0.0172 28 v092 Drug treatment for glucose control 0.0153 28 v002 Age at enrollment (years) 0.0158 28
v094 Oral hypoglycemic agents 0.0171 29 v094 Oral hypoglycemic agents 0.0152 29 v077 Age at menarche (years) 0.0153 29
v044 Daily intake of phosphorus (mg) 0.0171 30 v002 Age at enrollment (years) 0.0148 30 v011 EQ-5D 0.0146 30
v093 Insulin 0.0171 31 v093 Insulin 0.0139 31 v083 Gravidity 0.0144 31
v034 Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) 0.0154 32 v081 Number of breastfed children 0.0137 32 v090 Antihypertensive drug 0.0125 32
v077 Age at menarche (years) 0.0136 33 v091 Lipid-lowering agent 0.0130 33 v081 Number of breastfed children 0.0123 33
v083 Gravidity 0.0135 34 v052 Frequency of drinking per year 0.0127 34 v052 Frequency of drinking per year 0.0119 34
v081 Number of breastfed children 0.0128 35 v011 EQ-5D 0.0124 35 v007 Education level 0.0100 35
v011 EQ-5D 0.0119 36 v006 Household income 0.0107 36 v006 Household income 0.0093 36
v002 Age at enrollment (years) 0.0116 37 v013 Occupation 0.0098 37 v016 Weight control in the last 1 year 0.0087 37
v052 Frequency of drinking per year 0.0100 38 v016 Weight control in the last 1 year 0.0080 38 v017 Stress awareness 0.0084 38
v006 Household income 0.0092 39 v017 Stress awareness 0.0078 39 v013 Occupation 0.0080 39
v013 Occupation 0.0072 40 v015 Weight change in the last 1 year 0.0061 40 v015 Weight change in the last 1 year 0.0056 40
v016 Weight control in the last 1 year 0.0067 41 v018 The days of weight training per week 0.0054 41 v018 The days of weight training per week 0.0048 41
v017 Stress awareness 0.0061 42 v057 Osteoarthritis 0.0040 42 v009 Participation in health examination 0.0040 42
v057 Osteoarthritis 0.0049 43 v010 Cancer screening for the last 2 years 0.0039 43 v021 Diagnosis of HTN in mother 0.0039 43
v015 Weight change in the last 1 year 0.0044 44 v012 Economic activity 0.0038 44 v057 Osteoarthritis 0.0038 44
v018 The days of weight training per week 0.0041 45 v009 Participation in health examination 0.0037 45 v010 Cancer screening for the last 2 years 0.0037 45
v010 Cancer screening for the last 2 years 0.0030 46 v051 Smoking 0.0035 46 v053 Hypertension 0.0037 46
v009 Participation in health examination 0.0029 47 v021 Diagnosis of HTN in mother 0.0035 47 v012 Economic activity 0.0036 47
v012 Economic activity 0.0028 48 v003 Residental area (urban/rural) 0.0034 48 v019 Use of oral contraceptive 0.0036 48
v003 Residental area (urban/rural) 0.0027 49 v029 Diagnosis of DM in mother 0.0032 49 v003 Residental area (urban/rural) 0.0036 49
v019 Use of oral contraceptive 0.0026 50 v019 Use of oral contraceptive 0.0032 50 v076 Menstrual status 0.0035 50
v021 Diagnosis of HTN in mother 0.0026 51 v020 Diagnosis of HTN in father 0.0027 51 v062 Depression 0.0032 51
v051 Smoking 0.0023 52 v074 Melancholy in the last 1 year 0.0027 52 v020 Diagnosis of HTN in father 0.0030 52
v020 Diagnosis of HTN in father 0.0022 53 v062 Depression 0.0026 53 v074 Melancholy in the last 1 year 0.0029 53
v074 Melancholy in the last 1 year 0.0021 54 v028 Diagnosis of DM in father 0.0024 54 v027 Diagnosis of stroke in mother 0.0026 54
v080 History of breastfeeding 0.0021 55 v080 History of breastfeeding 0.0023 55 v026 Diagnosis of stroke in father 0.0025 55
v062 Depression 0.0020 56 v027 Diagnosis of stroke in mother 0.0021 56 v051 Smoking 0.0025 56
v029 Diagnosis of DM in mother 0.0020 57 v026 Diagnosis of stroke in father 0.0020 57 v056 Stroke 0.0024 57
v027 Diagnosis of stroke in mother 0.0017 58 v061 Thyroid disease 0.0020 58 v055 angina 0.0023 58
v079 Childbirth experience 0.0017 59 v079 Childbirth experience 0.0018 59 v061 Thyroid disease 0.0022 59
v026 Diagnosis of stroke in father 0.0016 60 v008 Marriage 0.0017 60 v058 Rheumatic arthritis 0.0020 60
v028 Diagnosis of DM in father 0.0016 61 v060 Asthma 0.0017 61 v029 Diagnosis of DM in mother 0.0020 61
v061 Thyroid disease 0.0015 62 v078 Pregnancy experience 0.0015 62 v080 History of breastfeeding 0.0019 62
v078 Pregnancy experience 0.0013 63 v059 Tuberculosis 0.0014 63 v059 Tuberculosis 0.0019 63
v008 Marriage 0.0012 64 v064 Atopic dermatitis 0.0012 64 v060 Asthma 0.0015 64
v060 Asthma 0.0012 65 v024 Diagnosis of IHD in father 0.0012 65 v028 Diagnosis of DM in father 0.0013 65
v059 Tuberculosis 0.0011 66 v058 Rheumatic arthritis 0.0012 66 v025 Diagnosis of IHD in mother 0.0011 66
v058 Rheumatic arthritis 0.0011 67 v023 Diagnosis of hyperlipidemia in mother 0.0012 67 v023 Diagnosis of hyperlipidemia in mother 0.0010 67
v056 Stroke 0.0011 68 v025 Diagnosis of IHD in mother 0.0011 68 v079 Childbirth experience 0.0009 68
v023 Diagnosis of hyperlipidemia in mother 0.0009 69 v056 Stroke 0.0010 69 v064 Atopic dermatitis 0.0008 69
v024 Diagnosis of IHD in father 0.0009 70 v068 Breast cancer 0.0006 70 v054 Myocardial infarction 0.0008 70
v055 Angina 0.0009 71 v022 Diagnosis of hyperlipidemia in father 0.0006 71 v065 Gastric cancer 0.0007 71
v025 Diagnosis of IHD in mother 0.0008 72 v069 Cervical cancer 0.0005 72 v024 Diagnosis of IHD in father 0.0006 72
v064 Atopic dermatitis 0.0007 73 v071 Hepatitis B 0.0004 73 v078 Pregnancy experience 0.0006 73
v068 Breast cancer 0.0005 74 v067 Colon cancer 0.0004 74 v069 Cervical cancer 0.0006 74
v069 Cervical cancer 0.0004 75 v072 Hepatitis C 0.0002 75 v068 Breast cancer 0.0006 75
v022 Diagnosis of hyperlipidemia in father 0.0004 76 v073 Liver cirrhosis 0.0001 76 v073 Liver cirrhosis 0.0005 76
v071 Hepatitis B 0.0004 77 v065 Gastric cancer 0.0001 77 v008 Marriage 0.0005 77
v067 Colon cancer 0.0003 78 v063 Chronic kidney disease 0.0001 78 v071 Hepatitis B 0.0005 78
v065 Gastric cancer 0.0003 79 v070 Lung cancer 0.0001 79 v063 Chronic kidney disease 0.0005 79
v054 Myocardial infarction 0.0003 80 v066 Liver cancer 0.0000 80 v067 Colon cancer 0.0003 80
v073 Liver cirrhosis 0.0002 81 v004 Sex 0.0000 81 v022 Diagnosis of hyperlipidemia in father 0.0003 81
v063 Chronic kidney disease 0.0002 82 v049 CVD 0.0000 81 v072 Hepatitis C 0.0002 82
v072 Hepatitis C 0.0002 83 v053 Hypertension 0.0000 81 v070 Lung cancer 0.0001 83
v070 Lung cancer 0.0001 84 v054 Myocardial infarction 0.0000 81 v066 Liver cancer 0.0000 84
v066 Liver cancer 0.0000 85 v055 Angina 0.0000 81 v004 Sex 0.0000 85
v004 Sex 0.0000 86 v090 Antihypertensive drug 0.0000 81 v049 CVD 0.0000 85

TG, triglyceride; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; BMI, body mass index; IHD, ischemic heart disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; WBC, white blood cell; CVD, cardiovascular disease; RBC, red blood cell; EQ-5D, European Quality of Life-5 Dimension.