Table 2.

Interrater reliability of Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) ratings

	Quadratic-weighted kappa	95% CI		n
		Lower bound	Upper bound
	Between ordinal CFS (1–9)
TC – ST	0.73	0.69	0.76	850
TC – geriED-TN	0.75	0.66	0.82	105
ST – geriED-TN	0.74	0.63	0.81	125
	Between frailty categories (CFS 1–4 = non-frail to vulnerable, CFS 5–6 = mild to moderate frailty, CFS 7–9 = severe frailty to terminally ill)
TC – ST	0.70	0.65	0.75	850
TC – geriED-TN	0.70	0.59	0.79	105
ST – geriED-TN	0.67	0.55	0.77	125

Interrater reliability of Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) ratings between the TC, the ST and the geriED-TN. The IRR is calculated for ordinal CFS ratings and categorized CFS ratings (CFS 1–4 = non-frail to vulnerable, CFS 5–6 = mild to moderate frailty, CFS 7–9 = severe frailty to terminally ill). Data are reported as kappa values and 95% CI. 95% CI were calculated using a bootstrap method.

CFS clinical frailty scale, ST study team, TC triage clinicians, geriED-TN geriatric Emergency Department trained nurses