TABLE 3.
Results of time-kill studies
Drug and concn | No. of strains with the indicated decreasea at:
|
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 h
|
6 h
|
12 h
|
24 h
|
|||||||||
−1 | −2 | −3 | −1 | −2 | −3 | −1 | −2 | −3 | −1 | −2 | −3 | |
Ceftobiprole | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 12 | 4 | 0 | 12 | 9 | 3 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 11 | 4 | 0 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 11 |
MIC | 9 | 1 | 0 | 12 | 6 | 1 | 12 | 11 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 10 |
Amoxicillin | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 12 | 5 | 0 | 12 | 11 | 5 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 11 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 11 | 5 | 12 | 12 | 9 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
MIC | 10 | 2 | 0 | 12 | 7 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 9 |
Imipenem | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 12 | 7 | 3 | 12 | 11 | 4 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 12 | 5 | 2 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 11 | 11 |
MIC | 11 | 3 | 2 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 12 | 12 | 8 | 12 | 11 | 10 |
Ertapenem | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 12 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 10 | 3 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 12 | 4 | 0 | 12 | 9 | 3 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
MIC | 9 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 12 | 11 | 9 | 11 | 10 | 9 |
Cefepime | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 12 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 11 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 11 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 11 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
MIC | 11 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
Ceftriaxone | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 12 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 11 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
MIC | 11 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 8 |
Cefotaxime | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 12 | 2 | 0 | 12 | 7 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 9 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 11 | 2 | 0 | 12 | 7 | 1 | 12 | 11 | 9 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
MIC | 9 | 2 | 0 | 12 | 6 | 1 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 12 | 11 | 9 |
Cefuroxime | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 12 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 11 | 2 | 0 | 12 | 11 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
MIC | 9 | 2 | 0 | 11 | 8 | 1 | 11 | 11 | 8 | 11 | 9 | 8 |
Cefdinir | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 10 | 3 | 0 | 11 | 9 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 9 | 2 | 0 | 11 | 9 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
MIC | 8 | 2 | 0 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 12 | 11 | 5 | 12 | 11 | 9 |
Levofloxacin | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 11 | 6 | 1 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 9 | 6 | 1 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
MIC | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 12 | 11 | 7 | 12 | 9 | 9 |
Moxifloxacin | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 11 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 10 | 1 | 0 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 9 | 12 | 12 | 11 |
MIC | 7 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 12 | 9 | 4 | 12 | 10 | 6 |
Azithromycinb | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 4 |
2× MIC | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 3 |
MIC | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 2 |
Clarithromycinb | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 4 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
2× MIC | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
MIC | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 |
Linezolid | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 6 | 1 | 12 | 11 | 3 |
2× MIC | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 10 | 2 |
MIC | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 4 | 0 |
Quinupristin- dalfopristin | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 12 | 12 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 11 |
2× MIC | 12 | 11 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 11 |
MIC | 12 | 11 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 9 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 8 |
Daptomycin | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 12 | 10 | 3 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
2× MIC | 10 | 8 | 0 | 12 | 10 | 5 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
MIC | 10 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 4 |
Vancomycin | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 10 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 12 | 11 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 10 |
2× MIC | 10 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 12 | 11 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 10 |
MIC | 6 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 12 | 11 | 4 | 11 | 11 | 9 |
Teicoplanin | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 4 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 10 | 3 | 12 | 12 | 10 |
2× MIC | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 10 |
MIC | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 11 | 11 | 8 |
Telithromycin | ||||||||||||
4× MIC | 7 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 12 | 8 | 3 | 12 | 11 | 8 |
2× MIC | 4 | 2 | 0 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 11 | 11 | 5 |
MIC | 4 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 7 | 2 |
−1, 90% killing; −2, 99% killing; −3, 99.9% killing.
Only eight strains with MICs of <8 μg/ml were tested.