Table 4.

Standardized Coefficients for Cross-lagged Effects between Income and Psychological Distress among Working-Age Adults: Models by Levels of Education and Racial/ethnic identities.

	Less than Bachelor's degree (n = 1838)		Bachelor's degreee or higher (n = 1265)		Whites, non-Hispanic (n = 864)		Blacks (n = 844)		Hispanics (n = 1077)
	Cross-lagged coefficients [95% CI]	p-value	Cross-lagged coefficients [95% CI]	p-value	Cross-lagged coefficients [95% CI]	p-value	Cross-lagged coefficients [95% CI]	p-value	Cross-lagged coefficients [95% CI]	p-value
Psychological distress (t)
<- Last-year earnings (t)	-.077 [-.115, -.040] ***	.001	-.050 [-.084, -.012] *	.027	-.070 [-.122, -.011] *	.042	-.089 [-.135, -.039] **	.003	-.064 [-.115, .004] †	.071
<- Earnings reported a year prior (t – 1)	.002 [-.040, .042]	.941	-.019 [-.062, .026]	.431	.014 [-.049, .071]	.699	.044 [-.009,.093]	.162	-.048 [-.102, .020]	.210
Earnings reported a year later (t + 1)
<- Psychological distress at t	-.046 [-.073, -.021] **	.004	-.009 [-.036, .017]	.582	-.012 [-.017, .046]	.501	-.014 [-.046, .018]	.478	-.078 [-.108, -.037] ***	.000
Model fit statistics
RMSEA	.000		.011		.009		.019		.008
TLI	1.00		.997		.998		.990		.998
CFI	1.00		.998		.999		.994		.999
Psychological distress (t)
<- Past-year family income (t)	-.032 [-.056, -.009] *	.024	-.019 [-.049, .010]	.296	-.003 [-.035, .030]	.861	-.028 [-.067, .007]	.214	-.040 [-.072, -.001] †	.074
<- Family income reported a year prior (t – 1)	.015 [-.039, .008]	.288	-.013 [-.043, .013]	.431	-.014 [-.044, .020]	.487	.009 [-.032, .046]	.719	-.042 [-.076, -.006] *	.049
Family income reported a year later (t + 1)
<- Psychological distress at t	-.037 [-.078, .013]	.184	-.007 [-.047, .031]	.787	.016 [-.044, .069]	.633	-.006 [-.075, .074]	.903	-.082 [-.136, -.018] *	.021
Model fit statistics
RMSEA	.016		.021		.007		.019		.023
TLI	.984		.984		.998		.981		.970
CFI	.991		.991		.999		.989		.983

†p≤.1 *p≤.05; **p≤.01; ***p≤.001.