Table 4.

Summary of twin-as-individual association of TXNIP-cg19693031 methylation with T2D, HbA1c, insulin and glucose adjusted for levels of individual inflammatory biomarkers

Models	T2D		HbA1c		Insulin		Glucose
	OR (95% CI)	p value	Beta (95% CI)	p value	Beta (95% CI)	p value	Beta (95% CI)	p value
Basic model	0.802 (0.708, 0.909)	5.25 × 10−4	−0.0467 (−0.0698, −0.0235)	1.27 × 10−4	−0.571 (−1.03, −0.010)	1.81 × 10−2	−1.11 (−1.87, −0.36)	4.27 × 10−3
VCAM-1	0.824 (0.720, 0.954)	9.42 × 10−3	−0.0470 (−0.0718, −0.0223)	2.79 × 10−4	−0.633 (−1.16, −0.102)	2.0 × 10−2	−1.34 (−2.13, −0.53)	1.5 × 10−3
ICAM-1	0.815 (0.710, 0.934)	2.99 × 10−3	−0.0457 (−0.0699, −0.0214)	3.27 × 10−4	−0.575 (−1.06, −0.084)	2.22 × 10−2	−1.29 (−2.08, −0.50)	1.59 × 10−3
MMP-2	0.817 (0.707, 0.944)	6.02 × 10−3	−0.0468 (−0.0712, −0.0224)	2.52 × 10−4	−0.519 (−1.01, −0.030)	3.78 × 10−2	−1.24 (−2.04, −0.43)	2.98 × 10−3
P-selectin	0.797 (0.702, 0.904)	4.04 × 10−4	−0.0476 (−0.0710, −0.0241)	1.16 × 10−4	−0.565 (−1.04, −0.090)	2.02 × 10−2	−1.15 (−1.91, −0.38)	3.63 × 10−3

Note: T2D, type 2 diabetes; twin-as-individual, effect of overall measured influences; OR, odds ratio; beta, the coefficient estimates from the models; CI, confidence interval. In the basic model, BMI, current smoking status, age and proportions of PBL subtypes (B cells, granulocytes, monocytes, NK cells and T cells) were included as covariates, with T2D, HbA1c, insulin and glucose treated as the outcome, respectively. The other four models were constructed by adding corresponding inflammatory biomarkers one at a time into the basic model. Odds ratios of diabetes, beta of HbA1c, beta of insulin and beta of glucose are per 1% increase in DNA methylation and per 1 unit of standard deviation increase in inflammatory biomarkers.