Table 6. Reported carbonation studies using different rock minerals.

Main mineral	Concentration (g L−1)	Temperature (°C)	Pressure	Volume of reaction (L)	CO2 intake	% leaching	Carbonation yield and CO2 fixed	Residence time	Ref.
Serpentine	150	Room temperature	8 atm	∼6.2	14–18% CO2	17.3 (Mg)	17.9%, 0.215 g CO2 per g solid	6 h	48
Olivine	100	185	6.5 MPa	0.045	18.2% CO2	34 (Mg)	74.8%, N.Q.	Up to 6 h	63
Serpentine/lizardite	50–150	22	10.5 atm	0.3 (reactor size)	18.2% CO2	N.Q.	30%, 0.55 g CO2 per g solid	2.25 h	61
Lizardite	150	100–150	20–150	∼0.3	100% CO2	N.Q.	30%,a N.Q.	Up to 6 h	64
Lizardite	150	Room temperature	0.4–1.6 bar	∼5.0	14–18% CO2	∼15.8%	33.3%, 0.08 g CO2 per g solid	6 h	60
Olivine	∼200	Up to 190	40–100 bar	0.01	100% CO2	N.Q.	100%, N.Q.	Up to 6 h	59
Rich Mg-bearing silicates	100	185	20.7–38.6 bar	0.6 (reactor size)	100% CO2	N.Q.	71%, N.Q.	5 h	57
Olivine	150	Room temperature (mineral dissolution) – 35–40 °C (carbonation)	3 bar (dissolution) – ambient pressure (carbonation)	0.17	1 g per L HCO3−	0.4% (Mg)	6.9%, N.Q.	5 days (mineral dissolution) + 12 h (carbonation)	This study (not optimized)
Wollastonite	2	Room temperature	2 bar	2	100% CO2	N.Q.	N.Q., 0.14 g CO2 per g solid	22 days	68

^aMgCO₃ yield.