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. 2024 Feb 20;15:1532. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-46048-7

Fig. 1. Recurrent PDAC acquires resistance to combination chemoimmunotherapy.

Fig. 1

a, b Mice were injected subcutaneously (s.c.) with 4662 PDAC cells and treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with control IgG (n = 17) or chemoimmunotherapy (n = 34) (black arrow) consisting of gemcitabine (G), nab-paclitaxel (A), αCD40 agonistic Ab (F), αCTLA-4 Ab (C), and αPD-1 Ab (P). Tumor growth (a) and survival (b) were monitored. c The proportion of treated mice exhibiting no response/early progression, partial response, relapse after complete response (CR), or durable CR is depicted. d Mice with recurrent tumors after CR or near CR were re-treated with GFCP (blue arrows) and tumor size measured (n = 9). e, f Tumor cell lines were generated from s.c. tumors treated with control IgG (‘Ctrl’ lines, n = 4) or from tumors exhibiting early progression (‘EP’ lines, n = 2) or relapse after CR (‘Esc’ lines, n = 8) on chemoimmunotherapy (denoted by blue, green, and red lines in a, respectively). Naïve WT mice were challenged s.c. with these cell lines, and the resulting tumors were treated with control IgG (n = 3 or 4 per line) or GAFCP (n = 5 or 6 per line) (black arrow). Tumor growth (e) and survival (f) were monitored. g Response rates following treatment for each class of tumor cell line in e, f are shown. *** P < 0.0001 by log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test (b, f). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.