Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of enrolled patients
| Characteristic | Intervention group (n = 147) |
Control group (n = 147) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | 0.129 | ||
| • Men | 62 (42.20) | 75 (51.00) | |
| • Women | 85 (57.80) | 72 (49.00) | |
| Age (years), mean ± SD (min–max) | 47.90 ± 16.77 (17–88) | 53.71 ± 18.80 (19–91) | 0.006 |
| Weight, mean ± SD (min–max) | 70.92 ± 16.83 (40.00–128.00) | 71.05 ± 21.85 (38.50–165.00) | 0.954 |
| Height (cm), mean ± SD (min–max) | 162.09 ± 8.54 (145.00–190.00) | 161.78 ± 9.00 (140.00–185.00) | 0.768 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD (min–max) | 27.05 ± 5.62 (16.18–41.32) | 26.81 ± 6.95 (0.00–50.93) | 0.752 |
| Serum calcium at enrollment (mg/dL), mean ± SD (min–max) | 8.89 ± 0.48 (6.80–9.70) | 8.98 ± 0.56 (6.80–10.50)) | 0.199 |
| Serum phosphate at enrollment (mg/dL), mean ± SD (min–max) | 3.54 ± 1.14 (2.20–13.00) | 3.57 ± 0.73 (2.40–6.90) | 0.819 |
| Serum 25OHD at enrollment (ng/mL), mean ± SD (min–max) | 22.50 ± 11.52 (7.31–56.27) | 20.84 ± 13.59 (3.80–56.32) | 0.269 |
| PSI at enrollment, median (IQR) | 46.00 (29.00) | 50.00 (31.00) | 0.045 |
| PSI risk class, n (%) | 0.549 | ||
| • Low (≤ 90) | 135 (91.84) | 135 (91.84) | |
| • Moderate (91–130) | 11 (7.48) | 9 (6.12) | |
| • High (> 130) | 1 (0.68) | 3 (2.04) | |
| PSI risk class, n (%) | 0.230 | ||
| • < 50 | 86 (58.50) | 75 (51.02) | |
| • 51–70 | 38 (25.85) | 38 (25.85) | |
| • 71–90 | 11 (7.48) | 22 (14.97) | |
| • 91–130 | 11 (7.48) | 9 (6.12) | |
| • > 130 | 1 (0.68) | 3 (2.04) | |
| Oxygen supplement, n (%) | 0.756 | ||
| • Ambient air | 86 (58.50) | 91 (61.90) | |
| • Cannula and noninvasive oxygen support | 53 (36.05) | 47 (31.97) | |
| • Endotracheal tube | 8 (5.44) | 9 (6.12) | |
| Steroid use, days | |||
| • Number of patients | 76 | 82 | 0.430 |
| • Course steroid use, days, median (IQR) | 7.00 (6.00) | 6.00 (6.25) | |
| Medical conditions, n (%) | 0.594 | ||
| • Diabetes mellitus | 24 (16.32) | 23 (15.65) | |
| • Chronic kidney disease | 2 (1.36) | 4 (2.72) | |
| • Cerebrovascular disease | 3 (2.04) | 5 (3.40) |
BMI body mass index, IQR interquartile range, PSI pneumonia severity index, SD standard deviation, 25OHD 25-hydroxyvitamin D