Table 3.
Clinical outcomes by subgroup analysis
| Any type of oxygen support |
Intervention group (n = 61) |
Control group (n = 56) |
P-value |
| Pneumonia treatment duration, days, median (IQR) | 9.00 (8.50) | 9.00 (7.75) | 0.835 |
| Length of hospital stay, days, median (IQR) | 12.00 (8.50) | 11.00 (9.50) | 0.893 |
| PSI, median (IQR) | |||
| PSI at enrollment | 56.00 (32.50) | 61.00 (39.00) | 0.261 |
| PSI at discharge | 52.00 (30.50) | 60.00 (34.75) | 0.028* |
| P-value | < 0.001* | 0.803 | |
| PSI reduction from baseline | P-value 0.030* | ||
| Enrollment 25OHD < 12 ng/mL |
Intervention group (n = 7) |
Control group (n = 6) |
P-value |
| Pneumonia treatment duration, days, median (IQR) | 10.00 (17.00) | 12.50 (14.75) | 0.836 |
| Length of hospital stay, days, median (IQR) | 13.00 (17.00) | 17.00 (18.00) | 0.836 |
| PSI, median (IQR) | |||
| PSI at enrollment | 57.00 (48.00) | 69.00 (44.75) | 0.534 |
| PSI at discharge | 43.00 (34.00) | 68.50 (40.50) | 0.101 |
| P-value | 0.059 | 0.317 | |
| PSI change from baseline | ** | ||
| Enrollment 25OHD < 20 ng/mL |
Intervention group (n = 44) |
Control group (n = 33) |
P-value |
| Pneumonia treatment duration, days, median (IQR) | 7.00 (9.50) | 8.00 (4.50) | 0.737 |
| Length of hospital stay, days, median (IQR) | 9.00 (10.50) | 9.00 (5.00) | 0.602 |
| PSI, median (IQR) | |||
| PSI at enrollment | 40.50 (37.00) | 56.00 (30.50) | 0.024* |
| PSI at discharge | 37.50 (32.50) | 45.00 (35.50) | 0.034* |
| P-value | 0.023 | 0.056 | |
| PSI change from baseline | P-value 0.799 | ||
| Prednisolone dose ≥ 1 mg/kg/day |
Intervention group (n = 39) |
Control group (n = 46) |
P-value |
| Pneumonia treatment duration, days, median (IQR) | 9.00 (8.00) | 9.00 (6.50) | 0.114 |
| Length of hospital stay, days, median (IQR) | 13.00 (9.00) | 10.50 (7.00) | 0.068 |
| PSI, median (IQR) | |||
| PSI at enrollment | 57.00 (29.00) | 60.00 (32.50) | 0.537 |
| PSI at discharge | 56.00 (28.00) | 60.00 (33.25) | 0.075 |
| P-value | 0.008* | 0.882 | |
| PSI change from baseline | P-value 0.060 | ||
| Lymphopenia (ALC < 1000 cells/mm3) |
Intervention group (n = 33) |
Control group (n = 34) |
P-value |
| Pneumonia treatment duration, days, median (IQR) | 6.00 (5.00) | 7.00 (4.25) | 0.138 |
| Length of hospital stay, days, median (IQR) | 7.00 (8.50) | 8.00 (5.00) | 0.317 |
| PSI, median (IQR) | |||
| PSI at enrollment | 58.00 (36.50) | 57.50 (35.75) | 0.494 |
| PSI at discharge | 56.00 (33.50) | 51.00 (41.75) | 0.940 |
| P-value | 0.050 | 0.784 | |
| PSI change from baseline | P-value 0.120 | ||
ALC absolute lymphocyte count, IQR interquartile range, PSI pneumonia severity index, 25OHD 25-hydroxyvitamin D
*p-value < 0.05
**unable to determine p-value owing to small sample size