Table 2.
Sociodemographic and Pregnancy Predictors of Quitting During Late Pregnancy Among Mothers Who Exclusively Used Electronic Cigarettes Before Pregnancy (N = 1,685)
| Characteristic | Quitting e-cigarette use during late pregnancya |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| % | OR (95% CI) | p | |
| Among the total sample | 81.5 | ||
| Age, years | |||
| ≤24 | 85.6 | Reference | |
| 25–29 | 83.7 | 0.86 (0.82–0.90) | <0.001 |
| 30–34 | 72.5 | 0.44 (0.42–0.46) | <0.001 |
| ≥35 | 78.5 | 0.61 (0.58–0.65) | <0.001 |
| Race | |||
| White | 81.5 | Reference | |
| African American | 85.0 | 1.29 (1.19–1.40) | <0.001 |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 81.8 | 1.02 (0.81–1.29) | 0.849 |
| Asian | 91.2 | 2.32 (1.92–2.82) | <0.001 |
| Other non-White/Mixed race | 75.2 | 0.70 (0.64–0.76) | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic | 81.7 | Reference | |
| Hispanic | 80.0 | 0.90 (0.85–0.95) | <0.001 |
| Prepregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | 1.02 (1.01–1.02) | <0.001 | |
| Underweight (<18.5) | 70.3 | 0.46 (0.42–0.51) | <0.001 |
| Normal (18.5–24.9) | 84.0 | Reference | |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 78.7 | 0.72 (0.67–0.77) | <0.001 |
| Obese (≥30.0) | 81.7 | 0.88 (0.84–0.92) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol consumption during 3 months before pregnancy | |||
| Did not drink then | 80.5 | Reference | |
| <1 drink a week | 86.8 | 1.31 (0.95–1.81) | 0.099 |
| ≥1 drink a week | 85.4 | 1.25 (0.91–1.72) | 0.166 |
| Education, years | |||
| ≤12 | 76.3 | Reference | |
| 13–15 | 85.2 | 1.78 (1.71–1.86) | <0.001 |
| ≥16 | 85.6 | 1.84 (1.74–1.94) | <0.001 |
| Marital status | |||
| Unmarried | 80.6 | Reference | |
| Married | 82.6 | 1.14 (1.10–1.18) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | |||
| No | 81.7 | Reference | |
| Yes | 78.1 | 0.80 (0.75–0.85) | <0.001 |
| Annual household income, US dollars | |||
| ≤ $16,000 | 74.6 | Reference | |
| $16,001 to $32,000 | 78.7 | 1.23 (1.08–1.40) | 0.004 |
| $32,001 to $85,000 | 86.4 | 2.02 (1.76–2.32) | <0.001 |
| ≥ $85,001 | 83.3 | 1.65 (1.50–1.81) | <0.001 |
| Health insurance | |||
| Medicaid/governmental | 76.0 | Reference | |
| Nongovernmental | 86.7 | 2.04 (1.91–2.18) | <0.001 |
| Number of prenatal care visits | |||
| ≤8 | 78.0 | Reference | |
| 9–11 | 80.9 | 1.20 (1.09–1.31) | <0.001 |
| ≥12 | 83.0 | 1.37 (1.24–1.52) | <0.001 |
| Infant sex | |||
| Male | 79.8 | Reference | |
| Female | 83.0 | 1.24 (1.19–1.28) | <0.001 |
| Number of previous live births | |||
| 0 | 85.2 | Reference | |
| ≥1 | 76.9 | 0.58 (0.56–0.60) | <0.001 |
| Frequency of e-cigarette use during the 3 months before pregnancy | |||
| Once a day or less | 88.2 | Reference | |
| More than once a day | 74.4 | 0.39 (0.38–0.40) | <0.001 |
| Hookah use around the time of pregnancyb | |||
| No | 80.7 | Reference | |
| Yes | 86.9 | 1.50 (1.20–1.86) | 0.001 |
a
Results were weighted to be representative of each state's population by accounting for nonresponse, noncoverage, and non-random sampling.
b
Within the 2 years prior to the 2- to 6-month postpartum survey, including before, during, and shortly after pregnancy.
BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; e-cigarettes, electronic cigarettes; OR, odds ratio.